Particles On The Move Flashcards
How do gas particles move in a container?
Gas particles move randomly, both in speed and direction.
What happens when two gases are mixed in one container?
Each gas spreads out and fills the container, with particles continuing to move randomly.
What is the movement of gas particles as they spread out called?
Diffusion
Define diffusion in the context of gases.
Diffusion is the random movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What does concentration refer to in a gas?
The number of particles in a particular volume.
Describe what happens in the diagram of gas diffusion.
The tap is closed, keeping the white gas particles on the left at high concentration and the red gas particles on the right at high concentration, with zero mixing.
What occurs when the tap is opened in the diagram?
The gases start to diffuse, and some particles from each side pass through the opening, leading to a mix with lower concentrations on the opposite sides.
What is shown in the diagram when diffusion is complete?
There is equal concentration of both gases on both sides. Diffusion stops, but the movement of individual particles continues.
How does diffusion explain the smell of cooking food?
When food is heated, some particles change to a gas state and diffuse through the air, reaching your nose.
How do gas particles from food spread through the air?
Gas particles move randomly and spread out through the air by diffusion.
Why does the smell of food become stronger as you move closer to it?
The concentration of gas particles is higher near the source, making the smell stronger.
How do animals use changes in the strength of smells?
Animals use the variation in smell strength to locate food.
Does diffusion occur in liquids as well as gases?
Yes, particles in a liquid also move randomly, allowing diffusion to occur.
Describe what happens when blue ink is added to water.
The ink moves from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until it is evenly distributed throughout the water.
What two factors affect the speed of diffusion?
- The difference in concentration of the particles.
- Temperature.
How does a larger difference in particle concentration affect diffusion speed?
The greater the difference in concentration, the faster the diffusion occurs.
Why can Zara smell the perfume from the other side of the room?
All the gas particles of the perfume move randomly.
How can you tell if the particles in containers A and B are in a solid, liquid, or gas state?
The particles in both containers are likely in a gas state because they are spread out and moving randomly.
How do the concentrations of the blue particles in containers A and B compare?
The concentration of blue particles is higher in container A than in container B.
How do the concentrations of the blue particles in containers A and B compare?
The concentration of blue particles is higher in container A than in container B.
How do the concentrations of the red particles in containers A and B compare?
The concentration of red particles is higher in container B than in container A.
How does the orange color from concentrated juice spread into the water?
The orange color spreads through diffusion, moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Is Arun correct when he says, ‘When the orange color has stopped spreading, the particles in the liquid have stopped moving’?
No, Arun is incorrect. Even when the color has stopped spreading evenly, the particles in the liquid continue to move randomly.
Which of the following will result in diffusion?
• A. Adding milk to coffee
• C. Adding salty water to pure water
• D. Allowing gas from a cylinder to escape into the air
