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Higher Physics > Particles and Waves > Flashcards

Particles and Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Electric field

A

The force charged particles experience

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2
Q

The arrows show the

A

Direction of force on a positive charge

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3
Q

Closer lines show a

A

Stronger electric field (bigger force)

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4
Q

Further away lines show a

A

Weaker electric field (smaller force)

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5
Q

Electric fields cause charged particles to

A

Accelerate

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6
Q

The potential difference (voltage) between 2 points is the

A

Work done when one coulomb of charge moves from one point to the other

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7
Q

Current in a wire creates a

A

Magnetic field

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8
Q

Left hand grip rule (for negative charges and electrons)

A

Thumb -direction of current
Finger -shows magnetic field
For positive points the other way

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9
Q

A wire carrying current experiences a force if

A

The current cuts across a magnetic field

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10
Q

Right hand rule

A

First finger -field (north>south)
Second finger -current
Third finger -path of electron

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11
Q

LINAC works by

A

Charge particle gains energy every time it passes from one drift tube to the next
The frequency of the AC. is just right to march the progress of the charged particles through the drift tubes

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12
Q

How does a cyclotron work

A

Two hollow metal Dees
Particle gains energy every time it moves from one Dee to the next
Magnetic field causes particle to follow curved path
Frequency of A.C matches the progress of particle

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13
Q

Antimatter

A

Every particle has a corresponding particle of antimatter

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14
Q

If a matter particle meets its antiparticle they

A

Destroy each other and release 2 protons

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15
Q

Fermions

A

Leptons +Quarks

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16
Q

Hadrons

A

Baryons + mesons

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17
Q

Bosons

A

Gluon
Photon
Zboson
Wboson

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18
Q

Types of Leptons

A

Electron
Muon
Tau
Electron neutrino
Muon neutrino
Tau neutrino

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19
Q

Types of Quarks

A

Up
Down
Charm
Strange
Top
Bottom

20
Q

Baryons are made from

A

3 quarks

21
Q

Mesons are made from

A

A quark and antiquark pair

22
Q

Mesons have

A

Short lifetimes

23
Q

Mesons are

A

Very unstable

24
Q

Types of bosons

A

Gluon
Photon
Zboson
Wboson

25
Q

Alpha decay

A

Addition of a helium nucleus

26
Q

Beta decay

A

Loss of an electron

27
Q

Gamma decay

A

Internal rearrangement if the nucleus

28
Q

Fission reaction

A

Large nucleus splits forming smaller nuclei

29
Q

Fusion

A

Joining together of small nuclei to form larger nucleus

30
Q

Irradiance is the

A

Power (energy per second) incident on one unit of area on a surface

31
Q

Photon

A

Particle of light

32
Q

Threshold frequency

A

Minimum frequency for photo emission to occur

33
Q

Photoemission

A

When an incident photon ejects an electron onto a metal plate.

34
Q

Interference is

A

Evidence if wave behaviour

35
Q

If waves have a constant phase relationship then they are

A

Coherent

36
Q

Constructive interference

A

When waves arrive in phase and displacements add together

37
Q

Destructive interference

A

When waves arrive out of phase and displacements cancel out

38
Q

If oath diference is the same as a whole number of wavelengths (m)

A

Constructive interference happens and a maximum is created

39
Q

If path difference results in a phase difference of 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 etc wavelengths then

A

Destructive interference happens and a minimum is created

40
Q

What type of spectra do hot sources of light produce

A

Continuous spectra

41
Q

What type of spectra do neon lights produce

A

Line omission spectra

42
Q

The refractive index varies with the

A

Index of light

43
Q

Regular refraction

A

Angle of refraction bigger than the critical angle

44
Q

Total internal reflection

A

Angles are equal

45
Q

When the angle of incidence is the critical angle

A

The angle of refraction is 90 degrees

Higher Physics (3 decks)

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