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Higher Physics > our Dynamic Universe > Flashcards

our Dynamic Universe Flashcards

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1
Q

Scalar quantities are described by

A

Magnitude only

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2
Q

Vector quantities are described by

A

Magnitude and direction only

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3
Q

Area below a velocity time graph is

A

Distance travelled

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4
Q

Initially at rest

A

U=0

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5
Q

Comes to a stop

A

V=0

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6
Q

Reaches maximum height

A

V=0

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7
Q

Accelerates due to gravity

A

A=9.8ms-1 downwards

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8
Q

Gradient of a displacement time graph?

A

Velocity

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9
Q

Gradient or a velocity time graph

A

Acceleration

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10
Q

Friction is

A

The force between two surfaces that opposes motion

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11
Q

The direction of friction is

A

Always in the opposite direction to the motion of an object

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12
Q

At rest means

A

No acceleration and forces are balanced

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13
Q

Constance velocity means

A

No acceleration therefore forced are balanced

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14
Q

The upward force of air resistance increases with

A

Downward force of velocity

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15
Q

Any vector quantity can be resolved into

A

2 perpendicular components

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16
Q

All moving objects have

A

Kinetic energy and momentum

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17
Q

Momentum is conserved in a collision as long as

A

No external forces act

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18
Q

If the collision is elastic

A

Total kinetic energy also conserved

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19
Q

If kinetic energy is not conserved the collision is

A

Inelastic

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20
Q

If two objects stick and collide

A

m1u1+m2u2=(m1+m2)v since velocity is the same

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21
Q

During inelastic collisions, energy is lost due too

A

Noise, heat and deforming materials

22
Q

During explosions, what is conserved

A

Total momentum

23
Q

Explosions are always

A

Inelastic as energy is added to the objects

24
Q

Momentum equals

A

Mass times initial speed

25
Q

Force times time equals

A

Change In momentum m1v1-m1u1

26
Q

If force is constant, force times time equals

A

The area or the rectangle, impulse is the area below the force time graph

27
Q

If force varies by time, impulse is the

A

Average force times time

28
Q

The horizontal component of a projectile is

A

Constant velocity (we ignore air resistance)

29
Q

The vertical component of a projectile is

A

Constance acceleration downwards true to gravity, equations of motion apply

30
Q

If an object is orbiting around a planet, it is in

A

Free fall

31
Q

What are Einstein’s postulates

A

The speed of light is the same for all observers
The laws of physics are the same in different frames of reference.

32
Q

T’ is

A

Dilated time

33
Q

Is dilated time (t’) bigger or smaller than proper time (t)

A

Bigger

34
Q

L’ is the

A

Contracted length

35
Q

What is bigger, contracted lenght (l’) or proper length (l)

A

Proper lenght

36
Q

As the sound source move closer,

A

Waves closer together so frequency higher

37
Q

As the sound source moves away

A

Waves further apart so frequency lowers

38
Q

If the source is moving towards the observer

A

Subtract on the bottom line

39
Q

If the source is moving away from the observer

A

Add on the bottom line

40
Q

Light sources move away from us. Wavelength is increased this is called

A

Redshift

41
Q

A light source moving towards us would be

A

Blueshifted

42
Q

z

A

Redshift (no units)

43
Q

The universe is

A

Moving apart

44
Q

Dark matter

A

Energy that should be there but isn’t

45
Q

Dark energy

A

Energy that increases the rate of the expansion of the universe

46
Q

Hot objects emit radiation across a

A

Broad range of wavelengths

47
Q

As surface temperature increases

A

More energy is emmited and the peak in the distribution is shorter wavelengths

48
Q

Hubbles law evidence for expanding universe

A

Hubbles law suggests that universe began in same point 14 billion years ago and it is travelling in all directions outwards

49
Q

Olbers paradox

A

The night sky is dari apart from points of light, if the universe was infinite, everything would be light

50
Q

Cosmic microwave background radiation

A

Some of the energy in the Big Bang formed electromagnetic radiation, we can still obverse this radiation from all directions today.

Higher Physics (3 decks)

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