Particles and Radiation Flashcards
Every atom contains?
Positively charged nucleus of protons and neutrons. Electrons that surround nucleus.
What is the Planck constant
6.63×10^-34Js
What is the work function of a material.
The minimum energy required for an electron to bcome delocalised
What is an Isotope?
An atom of an element with different number of neutrons.
Define specific charge.
Its charge divided by its mass.
Which force stops the nuclei of a stable isotope from disintegrating?
Strong nuclear force.
How does strong nuclear force keep the protons and neutrons together?
It overcomes the electrostatic force of repulsion between the protons in the nucleus.
What is roughly the range for the Strong nuclear force?
3-4 femtometres (fm)
What are the three types of radiation naturally released by Radioactive isotopes?
Alpha. Beta. Gamma.
If a nucleus of mass X emits an alpha particle, what is the new mass number?
X-4
What is the mass and the charge of Gamma emitted by an unstable nucleus?
0
How many protons and neutrons do alpha particles consist of?
2 Protons. 2 Neutrons.
What does Beta radiation consist of?
Fast moving electrons.
What is the rest mass of a MUON compared to an electron?
200 times the size on on electron
What is the charge of a MUON?
Negatively Charged
What is the charge of π+?
Positively Charged
What is the charge of π-?
Negativey Charged
What is the charge of π0?
Neutral Charge
Does π have a greater rest mass than a muon?
Yes , but it has a smaller rest mass than a proton
Does π have a greater rest mass than a muon?
Yes , but it has a smaller rest mass than a proton
What is the charge of K+?
Positively Charged
What is the charge of K-?
Negatively Charged
What is the charge of K0?
Neutral Charge
What is the ground state of an atom
The lowest energy state of an electron
What is the charge of a Beta particle in relativity to a proton?
Equal and opposite
What speed do electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum
3 x 10^8ms^-1 Speed of light
Electromagnetic waves are emitted as short bursts of waves. Each burst is also referred as?
a Photon
Who was the photon theory established by?
Einstein
Equation for the energy of a Photon?
E = hf
What does ‘h’ represent in E = hf
Planck’s constant
What happens when antimatter and matter particles meet each other?
Annihilation, they destroy each other and radiation is released
Anti-particle of the electron
positron
Does muon have a greater rest mass than K?
No , K has a greater rest mass than muon but less than a proton
What is the symbol of Muon?
μ
What is the symbol for Pion?
π
What is the symbol for Kaon?
K
What does kaon decay into?
Pions
Or
Muon and a antineutrino
Or
antimuon and a neutrino
What does π0 decay into?
high energy protons
What rules does decay always follow?
Conservation rules for energy, momentum and charge.
Whatvdoes a muon decay into?
An electron and an antineutrino
