Particles

Question 0

Ga

Answer 0

Marks/emphasises the subject of a sentence

Question 1

Wa

Answer 1

Topic marker - (eg as for)

Question 2

No

Answer 2

Shows that the word before it possesses the item after it

Question 3

O

Answer 3

The object of the sentence

Question 4

E

Answer 4

Shows the direction of movement. (Eg mise e iku - “I > store”)

Question 5

Ka

Answer 5

Marks the sentence as a question

Question 6

Ne

Answer 6

Added to the end of a sentence. Used in the same way as ‘right?’ To seek approval for a statement.

Question 7

Yo

Answer 7

Similar meaning to ‘you know’. Used to confirm information to a listener that it is believed they do not already know.

Question 8

Kara

Answer 8

Used at the end of a sentence to add additional information in the same way as ‘because’. It literally translates to “from”.

Question 9

Ni

Answer 9

In/at/on

Question 10

Na

Answer 10

Added in front of ‘quasi’ adjectives

Question 11

Da

Answer 11

Is - short, informal form of desu

Question 12

De

Answer 12

Follows a location where an action takes place. E.g.
Nihon de sake o nonda.
[Japan loc sake oj drank.]
I drank sake in Japan

Question 13

Koto

Answer 13

Thing (abstract)

Sushi o taberu. Eat sushi.
If we add “koto”, it allows us to use the phrase as the subject of a larger sentence.
Sushi o taberu koto
The act of eating sushi