Particles

Question 1

what is the relative mass and charge of a proton?

Answer 1

1 and +1

Question 2

what is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?

Answer 2

1 and +0

Question 3

what is the relative mass and charge of an electron?

Answer 3

1/2000(negligible) and -1

Question 4

What is a mixture

Answer 4

Two or more substances mixed together but not chemically bonded

Question 5

What is a compound

Answer 5

A substance made from two or more different elements, chemically bonded

Question 6

What is a molecule

Answer 6

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together

Question 7

What is an element

Answer 7

A substance made from one type of atom

Question 8

Is water a compound, mixture, or element?

Answer 8

Compound

Multiple types of atom (hydrogen and water) chemically bonded

Question 9

Is sugar dissolved in tea a compound, mixture or element

Answer 9

Mixture

They are not bonded

Question 10

Is a block of iron(Fe) a mixture, compound or element

Answer 10

Element

It is just iron

Question 11

What is the particle model?

Answer 11

Refers to how particles are arranged in a solid, liquid and gas

Question 12

What are the limitation of the particle model?

Answer 12

• Forces of attraction between particles
• Size
• Space between particles

Question 13

Describe each state of matter

Answer 13

Solid- the particles are arranged in a regular array, very close togetherand are bonded so they vibrate around fixed positions.
Liquid- The particles are not bonded so they move freely around eachother, very close together and arranged randomly
Gas - The particles are far apart, move very fast in all directions and arranged randomly

Question 14

What is an isotope?

Answer 14

An isotope is an atom of an element with a different number of neutrons. They will always have the same number of protons. This means they have different masses. E.g. Carbon-12 and carbon-14

the number of protons defines an element

Question 15

What is an ion

Answer 15

An ion is an atom which has gained or lost electrons, giving it a negative or positive charge. It will always uses the method with the least electrons

Question 16

Why do ions form?

Answer 16

To gain a more stable, full outer shell.

Question 17

Which groups do not ionise and why?

Answer 17

Group 8 - already has a full outer shell
Group 4- It requires too many electrons

Question 18

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 18

It is the mass of an atom compared with 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

1/12 of the mass of a carbon atom = 1 (the RAM of hydrogen is 1.008)

Question 19

How do you calculate RAM

Answer 19

Multiply the percentage of each isotope by the atomic mass and add them together