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GCSE Chemistry > Particles > Flashcards

Particles Flashcards

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1
Q

Copper-63 is 69.2% abundant and Copper-65 is 30.8%. Calculate the relative atomic mass of copper to 1 d.p.

A

(69.2 * 63 + 30.8 * 65) / 69.2 + 30.8 = 6361.69 / 100 = 63.6169
63.6 (1 d.p.)

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2
Q

How do solids become a liquid?

A

Once the particles get enough energy (usually by being heated) they break free of their bonds and can move freely, becoming a liquid?

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3
Q

How do you calculate the atomic mass?

A

Number of protons + neutrons

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4
Q

how do you calculate the atomic number?

A

number of protons or electrons

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5
Q

How do you work out the relative atomic mass of an element?

A

sum of (isotope abundance*mass) / sum of abundance of all isotopes (usually 100)

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6
Q

How does a liquid become a gas?

A

The liquid particles gain energy(usually from heat) and vibrate faster, eventually they gain enough energy to break free of all their bonds completely and become a gas

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7
Q

How much bigger is the radius of the atom than the radius of the nucleus?

A

the radius of the nucleus is 10,000 times smaller than the radius of the nucleus

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8
Q

In liquids, the particles have ______ forces of attraction.

A

weak

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9
Q

Liquids have a _____ volume, but can change _____ to fit a container.

A

definite, shape

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10
Q

solids have a definite _____ and _____ because the particles are fixed in place

A

shape, volume

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11
Q

The particles have _____ forces of attraction in solids.

A

strong

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12
Q

Unlike solids, in a liquid the particles can _____

A

move

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13
Q

What 3 subatomic particles make up an atom?

A

Proton, Neutron and Electron

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14
Q

What are 3 issues with the particle model?

A

1) Does not show correct size of particles
2) Particles aren’t necassarily spheres
3) Doesn’t include intermolecular forces

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15
Q

What charge does an atom have?

A

No charge, and atom is neutral

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16
Q

What did Ernest Rutherford do and when?

A

he made the nuclear model in1909

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17
Q

What did J.J.Thomson do and when?

A

He made the plum pudding model in 1897

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18
Q

What did John Dalton say about atoms and when?

A

He said that they were solid spheres in the 1800s

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19
Q

What did Niels Bohr do and when?

A

He discovered elctron shells in 1913

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20
Q

What happens to an atom if it loses or gains electrons?

A

it becomes charged and an ion

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21
Q

What happens to the particles in a solid when it is heated up?

A

they gain energy and vibrate faster

22
Q

What happens when a gas is heated up in a non-expandable container?

A

The pressure of the container increases

23
Q

What happens when a gas is heated up in an expandable container?

A

The volume of the container expands

24
Q

What is a negative ion called?

A

anion

25
Q

What is a positive ion called?

A

Cation

26
Q

What is avogadro’s constant?

A

6.02*10^23

27
Q

What is different about isotopes of atoms?

A

they have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons.

28
Q

What is relative atomic mass?

A

The average mass of all othe isotopes of that element

29
Q

What is the charge of electrons?

A

-1

30
Q

What is the charge of Neutrons?

A

0

31
Q

What is the charge of Protons?

A

+1

32
Q

What is the difference between ions and atoms?

A

Ions have a charge

33
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass?

A

in a chemical reaction, atoms cannot be created, destroyed or changed, but their arragements can change.

34
Q

What is the melting point?

A

the melting point is a temperature (or range) in which solid particles break bonds and become liquid.

35
Q

What is the relative mass of Electrons?

A

1/1836

36
Q

What is the relative mass of Neutrons?

A

1

37
Q

What is the relative mass of Protons?

A

1

38
Q

What is the rough radius of an atom?

A

0.1 nm

39
Q

What is the valence shell?

A

the outer shell on any atom.

40
Q

What subatomic particle did Ernest Rutherford discover?

A

the Proton

41
Q

What subatomic particle did James Chadwick discover?

A

the Neutron

42
Q

What type of structure do solids form?

A

regular lattice structure

43
Q

Which is the only electron shell that can be used in reactions?

A

The valence or outer shell.

44
Q

Who discovered electron shells and when?

A

Niels Bohr in 1913

45
Q

Who discovered protons?

A

Ernest Rutherford

46
Q

Who discovered the neutron?

A

James Chadwick

47
Q

Who had the earliest atomic theory ever recorded and when was it?

A

Democritus, 500 B.C.

48
Q

Who made the nuclear model and when?

A

Ernest Ritherford in 1909

49
Q

Who made the plum pudding model and when?

A

J.J.Thomson in 1897

50
Q

Who said that atoms were solid spheres and when?

A

John Dalton in the 1800s

51
Q
A

GCSE Chemistry (7 decks)

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