Particles

Question 1

the Proton number is also known as the

Answer 1

ATOMIC NOº / Z Number

Question 2

The mass number is also known as

Answer 2

THE A NUMBER

Question 3

Define specific charge

Answer 3

Charge to mass ratio (Charge in C / Mass in KG)

Question 4

What makes something an isotope? (structure)

Answer 4

The same atomic number but different mass number (same protons different neutrons)

Question 5

Compare carbon-12 and carbon-13’s chemical proporties.

Answer 5

Isotopes have = chemical proporties but BIG changes in stability.

Question 6

What are the 3 forces acting on nucleons?

Answer 6

EM Force
Gravity
STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE

Question 7

What is a femto-meter?

Answer 7

1 x 10-15m

Question 8

Unstable nucli ______

Answer 8

Give off particles to stablise themselves

Question 9

Beta decay happens in _____ Nucli

Answer 9

Smaller

Question 10

alpha decay happens in _____ Nucli

Answer 10

larger

Question 11

Why was the neutrino hypothesised?

Answer 11

Just an electron doesn’t conserve momentum or energy or lepton number

Question 12

A Photon is

Answer 12

A discrete packet of energy

Question 13

What’s the equation that links frequency and energy

Answer 13

E=hf

energy = E =joules
Planks Constant = h = Constant
frequency = f = Hz

Question 14

Anti-particles have the same ___ But opposing ____, _____ and _______

Answer 14

Same = mass

opposing = charge / baryon number / lepton number

Question 15

What is pair production?

Answer 15

When one photon of at least the rest mass (energy) of an antiparticle particle pair spontaneously becomes that p/ap pair.

Question 16

How much energy does the product of annihilation have?

Answer 16

The energy of the photons produced are (the rest mass + the total Ke)

Question 17

What does the strong nuclear force affect?

Answer 17

Hadrons only (mesons and baryons)

Question 18

What is the only stable nucleon?

Answer 18

a FREE proton

Question 19

All baryons eventually decay to ____

Answer 19

Protons

Question 20

In strong interactions _____ is always conserved

Answer 20

STRANGENESS

Question 21

What is the exchange particle of the strong force

Answer 21

The pion

Question 22

In the weak nuclear interaction ____ is not conserved

Answer 22

STRANGENESS

Question 23

Measons interact with _____ via the _____

Answer 23

Baryons / strong nuclear force

Question 24

What are the 4 fundamental forces and what are their exchange particles?

Answer 24

Gravity - Graviton
Strong Nu - Pion
Weak Nu - W-/W+
EM - γ virtual photon.

Question 25

Leptons are ____ Particles

Answer 25

Fundamental

Question 26

Leptons interact via ____, _____ and _____ not _____

Answer 26

Weak force
Em
Gravity

NOT STRONG

Question 27

What is a muon?

Answer 27

A Heavy electron that will decay to form an electron.

Question 28

Measons are made up from _____

Answer 28

quark, anti-quark pair

Question 29

Weak interaction can ______ Quarks

Answer 29

Change the character (U –> D for e.g.)

Question 30

What’s the range of the electrostatic force? why?

Answer 30

INFINITE. (photon has no mass so can travel infinite amounts)

Question 31

Quark composition of a proton

Answer 31

UDD

Question 32

Quark composition of a neutron

Answer 32

UUD