Particles Flashcards
What is one particle not effected by the weak interaction?
Photon
What is not conserved in weak interactions like beta decay and electron capture?
Strangeness is not conserved.
What is a Muon and what type of particle is a µ+?
A moun is a class of lepton which is like a heavier electron (200x heavier), And a µ+ is a antiparticle.
Quark structure of a baryon?
3 quarks held together by the strong force.
Quark Structure of a Meson
A Quark Anti-Quark Pair.
Quark structure of an antibaryon?
Consists of 3 anti-quarks.
Name one similarity and one difference between a particle and its respective antiparticle?
Similarity - Same Mass
Difference - Charge, Lepton# and Baryon#
Give one characteristic of a strange particle that makes it different from a particle that is not strange
- Contains a Strange Quark
which means it has a longer half life than expected
What do Kaons Decay into?
Pions
What are bosons?
They are exchange particles for forces/interactions.
Name the bosons for each force/interaction:
- Weak Nuclear
- Strong Nuclear
- Electromagnetic
- Gravitational
Weak: W+,W-,Z°
Strong: Pions (gluon is outside of spec)
Electromagnetic: (Virtual) Photon
Gravitational: Graviton
When is Strangeness not conserved?
During Weak Nuclear Interaction.
Where does the strong force act and what is it’s ranges?
Acts between nucleons to keep nucleus together.
0-0.5fm: Largely Repulsive
0.5-3fm: Attractive
3fm and onwards: Negligible
How does Strong Nuclear Force keep the nucleus stable?
Strong force is attractive between 0.5-3fm which helps mitigate repulsive electromagnetic force. But stops nucleus imploding due to it being repulsive between 0-0.5fm. Therefore keeps each nucleon at a stable distance from one another.
What does the Weak Interaction cause?
and give some examples
Decay/Change in Quarks.
Beta +/-
Electron Capture
What is the order of strength of the fundamental forces?
1) the strong nuclear force,
2) the electromagnetic force,
3) the weak nuclear force,
4) gravity,
What are the two sub groups of hadrons?
Baryons (3 quarks), Mesons (quark + antiquark pair)
What are the two mesons you need to know how to find the quark structure of and how to do it?
Pions and Kaons:
All mesons are a quark anti quark pair so keep that in mind when using the formula book to equivalate charge (and strangeness for kaons)
What property defines/differentiates Hadrons and Leptons?
Hadrons are effected by the strong force where as Leptons are not.
What is Annihilation and when does it occur?
when a particle and its antiparticle colliding and are converted into energy. The energy is released in two photons to conserve to momentum.
