Particle Zoo Flashcards
What are the two main families of Particles?
Bosons and Fermions
What is the difference between Bosons and Fermions?
Bosons do not obey the Pauli-Exlcusion Principle, whereas Fermions do.
What are Bosons used for?
The four fundamental forces.
What are some examples of Bosons?
Gluons and Pions (Strong Nuclear Attraction), W+/W- (Weak Nuclear Attraction), Photons (EM Waves) and Gravioles (Gravity)
What are the two families of Fermions?
Hadrons and Leptons
What is the difference between Hadrons and Leptons?
Leptons have no quarks, whereas Hadrons do. Also Hadrons interact via the strong nuclear forces (Gluons) and Leptons interact via the weak nuclear forces (W+/W-)
What are some examples of Leptons?
Electrons, Muons, Neutrinos (Electron) and Neutrinos (Muon)
What are the two subgroups of Hadrons?
Barions and Mesons
What is the difference between Barions and Mesons?
Barions have three quarks, whereas Mesons have one quark and one anti-quark.
What are some examples of Barions?
Protons, Neutrons, Δ+, Δ++ and Σ+.
Δ is Delta, Σ is Sigma
What are some examples of Mesons?
π+, π-, π0, K+, K-,
K0.
What are the six quarks? (ONLY THREE ON SPEC)
Up, down, top, bottom, charm and strange. (top, bottom and charm not on spec!!)
What is the charge of an up quark?
+2/3u
What is the charge of a down quark?
-1/3u
What is the charge of a strange quark?
-1/3u
What is an anti-quark?
A quark with the opposite charge to the original quark
What is the charge of an up anti-quark?
-2/3u
What is the charge of an anti-down quark?
+1/3u
What is the charge of an anti-strange quark?
+1/3u
What is the quark structure of a Proton?
up quark, up quark, down quark
2/3 + 2/3 - 1/3 = 0
What is the quark structure of a neutron?
Neutrons have 0 charge.
udd
2/3 -1/3 -1/3 = 0
What is the quark structure of
π+
π with a positive 1 charge
up quark, down anti-quark
2/3 + 1/3 = 1
What is the quark structure of π-
π with a negative 1 charge.
anti-up quark, down quark
-2/3 + -1/3 = 0
What is the quark structure of π0
π with 0 charge
up quark, anti-up
quark OR down quark, anti-down quark
2/3 - 2/3 = 0 OR 1/3-1/3 = 0
True or false?
Up quark = Anti-down quark
False, up quark is 2/3 and anti down quark is 1/3.
