Particle Zoo

Question 1

What are the two main families of Particles?

Answer 1

Bosons and Fermions

Question 2

What is the difference between Bosons and Fermions?

Answer 2

Bosons do not obey the Pauli-Exlcusion Principle, whereas Fermions do.

Question 3

What are Bosons used for?

Answer 3

The four fundamental forces.

Question 4

What are some examples of Bosons?

Answer 4

Gluons and Pions (Strong Nuclear Attraction), W+/W- (Weak Nuclear Attraction), Photons (EM Waves) and Gravioles (Gravity)

Question 5

What are the two families of Fermions?

Answer 5

Hadrons and Leptons

Question 6

What is the difference between Hadrons and Leptons?

Answer 6

Leptons have no quarks, whereas Hadrons do. Also Hadrons interact via the strong nuclear forces (Gluons) and Leptons interact via the weak nuclear forces (W+/W-)

Question 7

What are some examples of Leptons?

Answer 7

Electrons, Muons, Neutrinos (Electron) and Neutrinos (Muon)

Question 8

What are the two subgroups of Hadrons?

Answer 8

Barions and Mesons

Question 9

What is the difference between Barions and Mesons?

Answer 9

Barions have three quarks, whereas Mesons have one quark and one anti-quark.

Question 10

What are some examples of Barions?

Answer 10

Protons, Neutrons, Δ+, Δ++ and Σ+.

Δ is Delta, Σ is Sigma

Question 11

What are some examples of Mesons?

Answer 11

π+, π-, π0, K+, K-,
K0.

Question 12

What are the six quarks? (ONLY THREE ON SPEC)

Answer 12

Up, down, top, bottom, charm and strange. (top, bottom and charm not on spec!!)

Question 13

What is the charge of an up quark?

Answer 13

+2/3u

Question 14

What is the charge of a down quark?

Answer 14

-1/3u

Question 15

What is the charge of a strange quark?

Answer 15

-1/3u

Question 16

What is an anti-quark?

Answer 16

A quark with the opposite charge to the original quark

Question 17

What is the charge of an up anti-quark?

Answer 17

-2/3u

Question 18

What is the charge of an anti-down quark?

Answer 18

+1/3u

Question 19

What is the charge of an anti-strange quark?

Answer 19

+1/3u

Question 20

What is the quark structure of a Proton?

Answer 20

up quark, up quark, down quark

2/3 + 2/3 - 1/3 = 0

Question 21

What is the quark structure of a neutron?

Neutrons have 0 charge.

Answer 21

udd

2/3 -1/3 -1/3 = 0

Question 22

What is the quark structure of
π+

π with a positive 1 charge

Answer 22

up quark, down anti-quark

2/3 + 1/3 = 1

Question 23

What is the quark structure of π-

π with a negative 1 charge.

Answer 23

anti-up quark, down quark

-2/3 + -1/3 = 0

Question 24

What is the quark structure of π0

π with 0 charge

Answer 24

up quark, anti-up
quark OR down quark, anti-down quark

2/3 - 2/3 = 0 OR 1/3-1/3 = 0

Question 25

True or false?

Up quark = Anti-down quark

Answer 25

False, up quark is 2/3 and anti down quark is 1/3.