Particle Theory and Separating mixtures Flashcards
What is the basic premise of particle theory?
All matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion.
True or False: In solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions.
True
Fill in the blank: In liquids, particles are _____ packed than in solids.
less
What is the key difference between a gas and a liquid in terms of particle arrangement?
Gas particles are far apart and move freely, while liquid particles are closer together and can slide past one another.
Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?
Solid
What happens to the motion of particles when a substance is heated?
The particles gain energy and move faster.
Name one method of separating mixtures based on particle size.
Filtration
True or False: Distillation can be used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points.
True
What is the process of separating components of a mixture by passing it through a medium that retains one component?
Chromatography
Multiple Choice: Which technique would you use to separate a solid from a liquid in a mixture? A) Distillation B) Filtration C) Evaporation
B) Filtration
Define ‘mixture’.
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.
Fill in the blank: The components of a _____ can be separated by physical means.
mixture
What happens to the boiling point of a liquid when impurities are added?
The boiling point increases.
True or False: Evaporation is a method used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid.
True
What is the main principle behind centrifugation?
Using centrifugal force to separate particles based on their density.
Name a common use of chromatography.
Analyzing pigments in inks.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of separation? A) Filtration B) Absorption C) Freezing
C) Freezing
What state of matter is characterized by having no definite shape but a definite volume?
Liquid
Fill in the blank: In gases, the particles are _____ and can move freely.
far apart
What is the main factor that affects the rate of diffusion?
Temperature
True or False: Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
True
What is a homogeneous mixture?
A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout.
What is the technique used to separate a liquid from a solution by boiling it and then condensing the vapor?
Distillation
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of solids? A) Definite volume B) Indefinite shape C) High compressibility
A) Definite volume
What role does particle size play in the separation of mixtures?
It determines the method of separation used, such as filtration for larger particles.
Fill in the blank: A _____ is a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
compound
