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Chemistry > Atomic Structure > Flashcards

Atomic Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest unit of matter?

A

An atom.

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2
Q

True or False: Atoms can be divided into smaller particles.

A

True.

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3
Q

What are the three main subatomic particles?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

A

protons; neutrons.

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5
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

Negative.

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6
Q

Which particle has a positive charge?

A

Proton.

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7
Q

What is the mass number of an atom?

A

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

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8
Q

True or False: Neutrons have no charge.

A

True.

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9
Q

What determines the identity of an element?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus.

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10
Q

Which subatomic particle is found in energy levels around the nucleus?

A

Electron.

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11
Q

What is the relative mass of a neutron compared to a proton?

A

Approximately equal.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of ______ in its nucleus.

A

protons.

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13
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

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14
Q

True or False: Isotopes have different chemical properties.

A

False.

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15
Q

What is the electron configuration of carbon?

A

1s² 2s² 2p².

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16
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy level?

A

2.

17
Q

Fill in the blank: The outermost electrons are called ______ electrons.

A

valence.

18
Q

What is the significance of valence electrons?

A

They determine an element’s chemical properties and reactivity.

19
Q

What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus?

A

To provide stability and reduce repulsion between protons.

20
Q

What is the term for the energy levels in an atom?

A

Shells.

21
Q

True or False: Electrons can exist in between energy levels.

A

False.

22
Q

What is the principle that describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom?

A

Aufbau principle.

23
Q

What does the term ‘ion’ refer to?

A

An atom that has gained or lost electrons and has a charge.

24
Q

What is the difference between cations and anions?

A

Cations are positively charged ions; anions are negatively charged ions.

25
Q

Fill in the blank: Atoms are electrically ______ when they have equal numbers of protons and electrons.

A

neutral.

26
Q

What is the concept of atomic mass?

A

The weighted average mass of an element’s isotopes.

Chemistry (8 decks)

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