Particle Theory Flashcards
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas.
What are fluids?
Gases and liquids.
What is a high and low density?
A high density is when the particles of an object are close together and a low density is when the particles are more spaced out.
What is diffusion?
The mixture of particles that occurs between fluids. For example, if I spray perfume in a room, the perfume particles mix with the air particles.
What is the process of turning a solid to a liquid?
Melting.
What is the process of turning a liquid to a gas?
Boiling.
What is the process of turning a liquid to a solid?
Freezing.
What is the process of turning a gas to a liquid?
Condensing.
What is the process of turning a solid to a gas?
Subliming.
What is the process of turning a gas into a solid?
Deposing.
How do we calculate density?
Mass / Volume
What is weight?
The force of the object from gravity in newtons.
What is mass?
The amount of matter in the object / how much stuff in KG.
What is the only liquid denser than a solid?
Water.
What is conduction?
The transfer of heat by the particles vibrating by each other.
What is convection?
The rise of a fluid caused by something heating it up, making it lighter and less dense.
What are convection currents?
When hot fluids rise and cold fluids flow down to replace them.
What is Brownian Motion?
The action of particles moving in random directions as the molecules vibrate by each other.
What are insulators?
Something that reduces heat transfer by attracting less radiation. The opposite of conductors. Most non metals are insulators.
What is radiation?
The travel of heat using electro-magnetic, infa-red waves, which need no particles to travel.
What is a concentration gradient?
The diffusion of atoms at a high-low concentration gradient which is caused by random movements.
