Particle Physics Flashcards
Synchrotron
A circular accelerator of charged particles
Strong nuclear force
Binds protons and neutrons in nuclei
Weak nuclear force
responsible for radioactive beta decay
Antiparticle
A particle that has the same rest mass as the corresponding particle but opposite values of all other properties, such as charge.
Quark
A type of particle that is a constituent of hadrons (i.e. mesons and baryons). Believed to be a fundamental particle
Lepton
A fundamental particle that does not feel the strong nuclear force but does feel the weak nuclear and gravitational forces. Charged leptons feel the electromagnetic forces. There are believe to be three types of lepton(log tables) each with its associated neutrino
Hadron
A particle which feels the strong nuclear force
Meson
A particle that feels the strong nuclear force, composed of a quark and an anti-quark
baryon
A particle that feels the strong nuclear force, composed of three quarks
Electron
A fundamental particle, part of every atom a member of the lepton family
neutrino
A lepton with zero charge, and nearly zero rest mass. A different type of neutrino is associated with each type of lepton
Antimatter
Means each particle has its own antiparticle which is identical in mass but opposite in charge
Pair production
The creation of a particle and its antiparticle
Pair annihilation
When a particle and its anti particle meet and they annihilate each other
First splitting of nucleus
Cockroft and Walton
Proposed positron
Paul Dirac
Discovered positron
Carl Anderson
conservation of charge
Total charge before=total charge after
Strong nuclear
Acts on protons & neutrons
Binds the nucleus
short range
Electromagnetic
Acts on charge particles
Binds atoms and molecules
Infinite range
Weak nuclear
Acts on all particles
Beta decay
Short range
Gravitational
Acts on all particles
binds universe
infinite range
proton quark composition
uud
neutron quark composition
udd
Why was the neutrino proposed
To ensure conservation of momentum
Write a nuclear equation to show the pair annihilation of a positron and an electron.
0/-1e + 0/1e =
2hf
Name the metal used as a target in the Cockroft and Walton experiment.
Lithium
Proposed neutrino
Wolfgang Pauli
