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Particle physics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest unit of matter?

A

Atom

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2
Q

True or False: Electrons have a positive charge.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: Protons are found in the nucleus of an _____ .

A

Atom

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4
Q

What are the three main types of subatomic particles?

A

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

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5
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

Neutral

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6
Q

Which particle has the smallest mass?

A

Electron

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7
Q

What is the role of the strong nuclear force?

A

To hold protons and neutrons together in the nucleus

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8
Q

True or False: Quarks are fundamental particles.

A

True

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9
Q

What are the four fundamental forces of nature?

A

Gravity, Electromagnetism, Weak Nuclear Force, Strong Nuclear Force

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the particle that mediates the electromagnetic force.

A

Photon

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11
Q

Which particle is responsible for mediating the weak nuclear force?

A

W and Z bosons

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12
Q

What is the term for a particle that has a mass but no electric charge?

A

Neutron

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13
Q

True or False: All particles have an antiparticle counterpart.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the name of the particle associated with the Higgs field?

A

Higgs boson

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15
Q

What is the primary constituent of atomic nuclei?

A

Protons and Neutrons

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the force that causes the attraction between charged particles.

A

Electromagnetic force

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17
Q

What is the mass of a proton compared to that of a neutron?

A

Approximately equal

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18
Q

What do we call the process by which a neutron decays into a proton?

A

Beta decay

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19
Q

Which particle is considered a fundamental building block of matter?

A

Quark

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20
Q

True or False: Photons have mass.

A

False

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21
Q

What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

A

Atomic number

22
Q

What type of particle is a gluon?

A

Gauge boson

23
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ force is responsible for radioactive decay.

A

Weak nuclear force

24
Q

What is the term for the force that holds quarks together?

A

Strong force

25
What is the main function of leptons?
They are a family of particles that include electrons and neutrinos.
26
True or False: The neutron is an elementary particle.
False
27
What are baryons?
Particles made up of three quarks.
28
What is the difference between fermions and bosons?
Fermions follow the Pauli exclusion principle, while bosons do not.
29
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a particle that carries the strong force.
Gluon
30
What is the mass of an electron?
Approximately 9.11 x 10^-31 kg
31
True or False: Neutrinos have a significant mass.
False
32
What do we call particles that are made of quarks?
Hadrons
33
What is antimatter?
Matter composed of antiparticles.
34
Fill in the blank: The _____ model describes the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus.
Bohr model
35
What is the significance of the Higgs boson?
It is associated with the mechanism that gives mass to other particles.
36
What is the role of neutrinos in particle physics?
They are involved in weak interactions.
37
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a type of particle accelerator.
Collider
38
What is the primary purpose of particle physics research?
To understand the fundamental components and forces of the universe.
39
True or False: The standard model includes gravity.
False
40
What is a lepton?
A fundamental particle that does not undergo strong interactions.
41
What are the two main categories of particles in the standard model?
Fermions and bosons
42
What is the role of the weak force in particle interactions?
Responsible for processes like beta decay.
43
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a particle that mediates the strong force.
Gluon
44
What is the primary characteristic of bosons?
They can occupy the same quantum state.
45
True or False: All baryons are unstable.
False
46
What is a photon?
A quantum of electromagnetic radiation.
47
What is the term for the process where a particle and its antiparticle collide and annihilate each other?
Annihilation
48
What is the significance of the discovery of the top quark?
It confirmed the predictions of the standard model.
49
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the force that binds electrons to the nucleus.
Electromagnetic force
50
What is the primary function of the strong force?
To keep protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.

Physics (11 decks)

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