Particle Nature Of Matter Flashcards
What is an atom
Smallest uncharged particle
What are the 3 types of particles that make up matter
Atoms molecules and irons
What is a molecule
Particle of two or more atoms together
What is an ion
Atom or group of atoms that carry electrical charges
Describe a solid
It has a fixed pattern
Only vibrates
They’re very close together
And have a strong force
Describe a liquid
No fixed pattern
Slide past each other
Close together
Weak
Describe a gas
Random arrangement
Move rapidly
They are far apart
They’re very weak
What is diffusion
Random movement of particles so they spread out anywhere
Why is diffusion in gases faster than in liquid
Because gas particles move rapidly
What effects speed if diffusion
Mass and temperature
Explain how mass affects diffusion
The lower the mass the faster the diffusion
Explain how temperature affects diffusion
Higher the temperature the faster the diffusion
What is deposition
Changes from gas to solid
What are the measurements of time temperature mass volume of a liquid and volume of a gas
Time - stopwatch Temp- thermometer Mass - balance scale Volume of liquid - measuring cylinder pippette Burrette Volume of gas - gas syringe
What is chromatography
Separation of mixtures or substances using filter paper and solvent
What is the chromatography procedure
Draw a pencil line across a filter paper
( pencil is not a mixture )
Draw a spot if the mixture in the pencil line
Put the paper in a jar with solvent
Pencils line must be above solvent level
Procure continued
How are components in a mixture separated
As the solvent moves up the filter paper
It dissolves components on a mixture thereby carrying them up the filter paper
The more soluble the component is in solvent the further it travels
What are applications of chromatography
Separate mixtures
Identify components in a mixture
How do you identify components in a mixture
It is done by calculating Rf value and then comparing tables of known rf values
Explain rf value
The distance from baseline to center of separated spot
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Distance from base like to solvent
