particle motion in gases

Question 1

what are the molecules of a gas in?

Answer 1

constant random motion

Question 2

what is the temperature of the gas related to and why?

Answer 2

the average kinetic energy of the molecules, if you increase the temp, you transfer energy into the kinetic energy stores of its particles

Question 3

what does changing the temp of a gas held at constant volume change?

Answer 3

the pressure exerted by the gas

Question 4

explain how the motion of the molecules in a gas is related to
both its temperature and its pressure

Answer 4

• as gas particles move at high speeds, they collide with each other or an object, exerting a force on it
• faster particles and more frequent collisions lead to an increase in force so increase in gas pressure

Question 5

in a sealed container, what is the outward gas pressure?

Answer 5

the total force exerted by all of the particles in the gas on the container walls

Question 6

how can you increase the speed of the particles + why?

Answer 6

• to heat them up
• if volume is constant, then increasing temp will increase the speed and so increases the pressure

Question 7

if temp is constant what happens with increasing volume?

Answer 7

• means the particles get more spread out and hit the walls of the container less often
• so gas pressure decreases

Question 8

describe the relationship between pressure and volume

Answer 8

• inversely proportional
• at constant temp, when volume increases, pressure decreases and vice versa