Particle Modle Of Matter Flashcards
What is density the measure of
Compactness of a substance
Density equation
Mass/volume
What does the density of an object depend on
What it’s made of and how its particles are arranged
Solid characteristics
Strong forces of attraction hold the particles closely together in a fixed regular arrangement. The density generally highest in the state as the particles are closest together
Liquid characterisitcs
There are weaker forces of attraction between particles. The particles are close together and form irregualr arrangmements. They move in random directions at low speeds.
Gases characteristics
There are almost no forces of attraction between the particles. The particle have more energy and are free to move in random directions at high speeds
What type of energy stores do particles have
Particles have both kinetic energy and potential energy stores
What is the internal energy of a system
The internal energy of a system is the total energy that its particles have the kinetic and potential energy stores
Specific heat capacity equation
Change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
Solid - gas
Sublimating
What type of change is a change of state
A physcial change (mass is conserved)
What is energy used for in changes of states in boiling or melting
Energy’s used for breaking bonds between particles
What is latent heat
The energy needed to change the state of a substance
What happens to energy in condesning or freezing
Bonds are forming between particles which releases energy (internal energy decreases)
What is the specific latent heat of a substance
The amont of energy needed to change 1kg of it from one state to another without change ing its temp
What is the specific latent heat of fusion
The specific latent heat for changing between a liquid and a gas
Formula for specific latent heat
Energy = mass x specific latent heat
What is the gas pressure in a seald container
The outward gas pressure is the total force exerted by all of the partucles on a unit area of container walls
What does it mean that pressure and volume are inverslely proportional
When volume goes up pressure goes down.
Movement of gas in a container
Net outwards force at right angles to the surface
What does doing work on a gas cause
Tranfering energy by applying force increases a gases internal energy which can increase its temp.
