Particle Model of Matter Flashcards
What is the equation of density?
Density=Mass/Volume
Define density
How tightly packed particles are and what they are made of.
How would you find density of a solid object?
Measure the objects height width and length with a ruler and calculate its volume.
If it is an irregular shape submerge it in a eureka can filled with water.
The water displaced by the object will be transferred to a measuring cylinder.
Use a balance to measure its mass.
Plug these values into the density equation.
How do you find the density of a liquid?
Place a measuring cylinder on a balance and zero the balance.
Pour 10ml of the liquid into the measuring cylinder and record the liquid’s mass.
Pour another 10ml into the measuring cylinder, repeating the process until the cylinder is full and record the total volume and mass each time.
Use the formula of density for each measurement.
Take the average of the calculated densities.
What is internal energy?
It is the total energy stored by particles this could be
- kinetic as they are always moving
- potential energy stores
How do you increase internal energy?
Through heating
Why is there flat spots on a substance heat graph?
This is where the energy is being used to transfer energy and not for heating. When condensing or freezing bonds are forming which releases energy. he internal energy decreases, but the temperature doesn’t go down until all the substance has turned to liquid or a solid. The flat parts show this energy transfer.
What is latent heat?
The energy needed to change the state of a 1kg substance.
How can you work out energy released?
Energy=mass*specific latent heat
How is the temperature of a gas determined?
It is the average energy in the kinetic energy stores of the gas particles.
What is pressure in a gas?
When particles move they collide, and bang into each other and whatever else in the way when they collide they exert a force which is pressure. Gas pressure is the total of this force exerted on a unit of area.
What will increasing the temperature of a gas cause?
It will increase the movement of particles so it will increase the pressure.
What is the relationship of pressure and volume in a gas?
They are inversely proportional when volume goes up pressure decreases.
What is the relationship of a gas of fixed mass at a constant temperature?
pV=constant
How can a change in pressure cause a change in volume?
The pressure causes a net outwards force at right angles to the surface of its container.
There is also a force on the outside of the container due to the pressure of the gas around it. If a container can easily change its size then any change in these pressures will cause the container to expand or compress due to the overall force.
