particle model of matter

Question 1

describe the arrangement of particles in a solid

Answer 1

all touching, regular pattern, vibrate about a fixed position

Question 2

describe the arrangement of particles in a liquid

Answer 2

close together, random arrangement, move around eachother

Question 3

describe the arrangement of particles in a gas

Answer 3

far apart, random arrangement, move quickly in all directions

Question 4

solid to liquid

Answer 4

melting

Question 5

liquid to gas

Answer 5

boiling

Question 6

solid to gas

Answer 6

sublimation

Question 7

gas to liquid

Answer 7

condensation

Question 8

liquid to solid

Answer 8

freezing

Question 9

properties of solid

Answer 9

fixed shape, cannot be compressed

Question 10

properties of liquid

Answer 10

can flow and take shape of container, cannot be compressed

Question 11

properties of gas

Answer 11

can flow and completely fill container, can be compressed

Question 12

density mass & volume equation

Answer 12

density = mass / volume

Question 13

highest density

Answer 13

solid

Question 14

lowest density

Answer 14

gas

Question 15

changes of state - physical or chemical

Answer 15

physical

Question 16

what is a physical change

Answer 16

the material recovers its original properties if the change is reversed

Question 17

what is internal energy

Answer 17

total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles

Question 18

heating a system impact on internal energy

Answer 18

increases energy stored

Question 19

what happens when temp of substance increases

Answer 19

kinetic and potential energy of particles increases

Question 20

what happens when a substance changes state

Answer 20

increase in potential energy but not kinetic energy of particles

Question 21

specific heat capacity

Answer 21

amount of energy required to raise the temp of 1 kg of the substance by 1’C

Question 22

specific latent heat

Answer 22

amount of energy required to change the state of 1 kg or the substance with no change in temp

Question 23

energy change, mass, specific heat capacity, change in temp

Answer 23

change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temp change

Question 24

energy, mass, specific latent heat

Answer 24

energy for a change of state = mass x specific latent heat

Question 25

specific latent heat of fusion

Answer 25

amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance from a solid to liquid

Question 26

specific latent heat of vaporisation

Answer 26

amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance from liquid to gas

Question 27

what is average kinetic energy of a gas related to

Answer 27

its temp

Question 28

what happens to the pressure of a gas at constant volume if u increase temp

Answer 28

pressure increases

Question 29

what happens to motion of molecules in a gas as its temp increases

Answer 29

velocity increases

Question 30

why does pressure of a gas at fixed volume increase with temp

Answer 30

more frequent and more energetic collisions from particles with a container

Question 31

how is pressure caused by a gas in a container

Answer 31

collisions with the container walls

Question 32

what does the pressure of a gas cause on the walls of a container

Answer 32

a force at right angles

Question 33

whats the effect on pressure when the volume of a gas decreases but the temp remains constant

Answer 33

the pressure decreases

Question 34

what is work

Answer 34

the transfer of energy (by a force)

Question 35

what does doing work do to the internal energy of a gas

Answer 35

increases the internal energy of a gas (can cause an increased temp)