Particle Model of Matter Flashcards
what is density?
mass per unit volume
density equation
p=m/V
characteristics of solid particles
- strong forces of attraction between particles
- tightly packed
- vibrate in a fixed position = low
energy - regular arrangement
characteristics of liquid particles
- weak forces of attraction between particles
- close together
- particles flow over eachother
- irregular arrangement
- move in random directions at low speeds = medium energy
characteristics of gas particles
- neglible forces of attraction between particles
- move quickly in random directions = high energy
- irregular arrangement
what is potential energy?
forces between particles
what is internal energy?
total energy that particles have in their kinetic and potential stores
what happens to the particles in a substance when its heated?
they gain enough kinetic energy to break their bonds
what is mass?
amount of matter
what is volume?
space a 3D shape takes up
changes of state
solid to liquid - melting
liquid to gas - boiling
solid to gas - sublimation
gas to solid - deposition
gas to liquid - condensation
liquid to sold - freezing
what is specific latent heat?
The specific latent heat of a substance is the amount of energy
required to change the state of one kilogram of the substance with
no change in temperature.
what is specific latent heat of fusion?
amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a solid to 1kg of a liquid at its melting point
what is specific latent heat of vaporiastion?
amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a liquid to 1kg of a gas at its boiling point
specific latent heat equation
E=mL
what is gas pressure caused by?
particles colliding with the surface of a container and exert a force on it
why does pressure increase when temp increases?
- temp is the average Ek of particles
- particles have more Ek=move faster
- each impact has more force
- more impacts per second
- total force increases
pressure in gases equation
(TEMP HAS TO BE CONSTANT)
p1V1=p2V2
pV= constant
pressure in gases
- gases can be compressed or expanded by pressure changes
- pressure produces a force at right angles to the wall of the gas container (or any surface)
bike pump questions
Work is the transfer of energy by a force.
Doing work on a gas increases the internal energy of the gas and can cause an increase in the temperature of the gas.
