particle model of matter Flashcards
what is the arrangement of a solid
particles held next to each other in a regular format and fixed position, held together by strong forces of attraction
what is the movement of particles in a solid
they vibrate around a fixed point
what are the properties of a solid, (volume density, shape)
they have a
fixed volume,
high density,
fixed shape ( only changes if external forces are applied)
what is the arrangement of particles in a liquid
particles are held next to each other in an irregular format, and are free to slide over one another. they have weaker forces of attraction between particles than solids but stronger than gasses
what is the movement of particles in a liquid
flow over one another but always touching - no fixed position
what are the properties of a liquid, (volume density, shape)
usually lower density than solids,
fixed volumes and
varying shape shape because particles can flow
what is the arrangement of particles in a gas
no fixed position
spaced apart ( large average distance between particles)
weak forces of attraction between particles
what is the movement of particles in a gas
randomly at higher speeds
what are the properties of a gas, (volume density, shape)
low density
no fixed volume or shape
can be compressed of spread out to fill available space
what is the equation for density
density = mass / volume
what is internal energy
the sum of the total kinetic energy the particles have due to their movement and the total potential energy the particles have due to their positions relative to one another
how do you increase internal energy
by heating
what is the specific latent heat
the energy required to change 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature
what is the specific latent heat of vapourisation
the energy required to evaporate 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature
what is the specific latent heat of fusion
the energy required to melt 1 kg of a substance with no change in temperature
