Particle and Waves Flashcards
What is an antineutrino?
The antiparticle of the neutrino
What is a photoelectron?
An electron emitted from an atom due to an interaction with a photon
What is a positron?
The antiparticle of the electron
Stationary wave
Wave that has no resultant energy transfer and remains in the same position
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Define the weak interaction
Interaction between 2 leptons, and between leptons and hadrons.
What is the weak nuclear force
A fundamental force of nature that causes beta decay.
Define accuracy
Term used to describe how close a single measured value is to the true value.
Define frequency
Number of oscillations per unit time.
What is a quark
Elementary particle that makes up hadrons.
Define ionisation
Process that causes an atom to lose or gain electrons
What is an alpha particle?
A helium nucleus ( 2 protons 2 neutrons).
Define wavelength
smallest distance between two equal consecutive points on a wave oscillating in phase.
What is a tau?
A subatomic particle part of the lepton family.
What is an isotope?
Two or more forms of the same element that hold the same number of protons but have a different number of neutrons.
What is gravitational force?
Force of attraction between 2 masses.
What is excitation?
When an atom or molecule gaining a discrete amount of energy from electromagnetic radiation.
What is a baryon?
A composite particle comprising 3 quarks.
What is a hadron?
Particle or antiparticle affected by strong nuclear force, and by electromagnetic force if charged.
What is a kaon?
Particle that has potential to decay into a pion.
What is a strange quark?
A flavour of quark which has same charge as down quark but more mass.
Absolute uncertainty
range of values within which the true value of the measurement is expected to fall.
Stopping potential
Voltage required to reduce the photoelectric current to zero.
Define precision
Describes proximity of an experiments repeated measurements.
Threshold frequency
Lowest frequency of light required to ensure photoelectric emission.
Define strangeness
Number given to every particle and antiparticle, which is conserved in the strong interaction but not with decays of strange quarks and antiquarks or in the weak interaction
Stationary wave
Wave with no resultant energy transfer and remains in same position.
What is electron volt?
Unit of energy equal to the work done in moving an electron through a potential difference of 1V
Work function
Property of a metal that defines the lowest energy required to remove an electron from its surface.
Antinode
Point on stationary wave with maximum possible displacement
Microwave
Electromagnetic wave with wavelength between 10-1m and 10-3m
Rest mass
Mass of object when stationary
What is antiparticle?
Subatomic particle that has same rest mass as its corresponding particle but equal and opposite charge.
Strong nuclear interaction
Interaction between 2 hadrons.
Longitudinal wave
Wave where displacement of medium is in the same direction as wave propagation.
What is a Photon
Quantum of electromagnetic energy
What is a Lepton
Elementary particle or antiparticle not affected by strong nuclear force
What is a Muon
Subatomic particle, part of lepton family.
Antineutron
Antiparticle of neutron
Momentum
Property of a moving object equal to m x v
Photoelectric effect
Term used to describe phenomenon of some metals emitting electrons when light is incident on their surface
