Particle and Nuclear Physics Flashcards
What can a particle be split up into?
Hadrons and Leptons
What can a Hadron be split up into?
Mesons and Baryons
What is a Baryon?
-Proton
-Neutron
-Antineutron
-Antiproton
What is a Meson?
Pions consisting of
-pi-
-pi0
-pi+
What is a Lepton?
-Electron
-Positron(Anti electron)
-Neutrino
-Antineutrino
What consists of 3 quarks and what are they for each
Baryons
-Proton=up,down,down
-Neutron=up,down,down
-Antiproton=anti-up,anti-up,anti-down
-Antineutron=up,down,down
What consists of 2 quarks?
Pions
-Pi-=anti-up,down
-Pi0=u,anti-up or down,anti-down
-Pi+=up,anti-down
What 3 laws must be conserved for particles?
-Lepton number must be conserved
-Charge must be conserved
-Baryon number must be conserved
Charge and Baryon number for each quark
Up=2/3 and 1/3
Down=-1/3 and 1/3
Anti-up=-2/3 and -1/3
Anti-down=1/3 and -1/3
What particles have a baryon number of 1
If they are only classified as a baryon, so Leptons and Mesons excluded
Lepton charges and Numbers
Electron=-1 and +1
Neutrino=0 and +1
Positiron=1 and -1
Antineutrino=0 and -1
What is change in flavour
When a quark in the equation is changed
What is a beta-minus decay?
Releasing an electron
What is a beta-plus decay?
Releases a positron
Gravitational force
All particles are affected, the range is infinite and it is very weak so it can be ignored
Electromagnetic force
Charged particles are affected, the range is infinite,usually affect hadrons due to consisting of charged quarks . If any of em spectrum is mentioned that this force is present due to photons
Strong force
Quarks are affected, the range is short and usually applies to baryons and mesons as leptons dont contain quarks
Weak force
All particles affected,very short range and usually applies to neutrinos and if there is a change in flavour
