PartB Sec 1 Any condition of visibility

Question 1

Rule 4

Answer 1

Application

Question 2

Rule 5

Answer 2

Look-out

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions as to make a full appraisal of the situation and the risk of collision.

Question 3

Rule 6

Answer 3

Safe speed

Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and to be stopped within distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.
In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into account:

a. By all vessels

i. The state of visibility.
ii. The traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels
iii. The manoeuverability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions.
iv. At night the presence of background light such as those from sure lights or from backscatter of her own lights
v. The state of wind sea and current in the proximity of navigational hazards.
vi. The draft in relation to available depth of water.

b. Additionally by vessels with operational radar:

i. The characteristics efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment
ii. Any constraints imposed by the radar range and scale in use
iii. There effect on radio detection from the sea state weather and other sources of interference.
iv. The possibility that small vessels ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at adequate range.
v. The number location and movement of vessels detected by radar
vi. The more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.

Question 4

Rule 7

Answer 4

Risk of collision

a. Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists if there is any doubt such risks will be deemed to exist.
b. Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects.
c. Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information especially scanty radar information.
d. In determining if the risk of collision exists the following considerations she’ll be among those taken into account:
i. Such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change.
ii. Such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or a vessel at close range.

Question 5

Rule 8

Answer 5

Action to Avoid collision

Question 6

Rule 9

Answer 6

Narrow channels

Question 7

Rule 10

Answer 7

Traffic Seperation Schemes