Part1 Thyroid

Question 1

Name the 3 components of fascial layers

Answer 1

Structural( vertebral) visceral, paired neurovascular bundle

Question 2

List the fascial layers

Answer 2

Visceral,space
Carotid space
Retropharyngeal space
Posterior cervical
Perivertebral space

Question 3

Zone 1 anatomical landmarks

Answer 3

Clavicle/sternum to the cricoid cartilage

Question 4

Structures in zone 1

Answer 4

Subclavian artery
Vertebral artery
Trachea
Thyroid
Spinal cord

Question 5

Zone 2 anatomical landmarks

Answer 5

Cricoid cartilage to mandible

Question 6

Zone 2 structures

Answer 6

Carotid artery
Jugular vein
Trachea
Esophagus
Vagus nerve
Spinal cord
Vertebral artery

Question 7

Zone 3 anatomical landmarks

Answer 7

Superior angle of mandible

Question 8

Zone 3 structures

Answer 8

Vertebral artery
Spinal cord
Salivary and parotid glands

Question 9

And the lobes of thyroid gland

Answer 9

Left and right lobes connected by isthmus

Question 10

Where are the thyroid lobes found

Answer 10

Wrapped around cricoid cartilage and sup rings of trachea

Question 11

Thyroglossal cyst

Answer 11

In embryo, the thyroid glands develop at the foramen cecum. The thyroid gland then descends during development and reaches its destination . The descent of the thyroid leads to the formation of Thyroglossal duct. This duct is supposed to regress by 10th week of gestation. If the duct does not regress and it can form cysts due to build up of secretions in the duct

Question 12

Innervation of thyroid gland

Answer 12

Branches derived from sympathetic trunk

Question 13

Lymph drainage of thyroid gland

Answer 13

Paratracheal and deep cervical

Question 14

Which nerves should you be careful not to damage during thyroid surgery

Answer 14

Left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves that lie in close proximity to the thyroid gland

Question 15

Cervical plexus

Answer 15

Found in posterior triangle, in the prevertebral layer of cervical fascia
For,ed by cervical spinal nerves C1-C4

Question 16

Muscular branches of cervical plexus

Answer 16

Phrenic nerve-C3-C5 , runs down the ant scalene (diaphragm)
Geniohyoid and thyrohyoid- C1
Ansa cervicalis -C1-C3
Gives off the Infrahyoid muscles (omohyoid, sternothyroid ,sternohyoid)

Question 17

Sensory branches of cervical plexus

Answer 17

Greater auricular -C2-C3 and supplies external ear and skin over parotid
*Lesser occipital-C2 and supplies cutaneous sensation to posterosuperior scrap
*transeverse cervical-C2-C3 supplies sensation to neck
Supraclavicular C3-C4 and supply sensation to skin over supraclavicular fossa