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US History > Part One Of The Final 150 > Flashcards

Part One Of The Final 150 Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire new lands and spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

The joint stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

John Smith

A

He was the governor of Jamestown for its 1st two years and he built a strong relationship with Chief Powhatan to get corn

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4
Q

Pocahontas

A

Well known for saving John Smith’s life

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5
Q

John Rolfe

A

He learned how to grow tobacco and sold the first crop in 1614 in England, he also married the daughter of Chief Powhatan

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6
Q

Tobacco

A

The crop that saved Jamestown

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7
Q

Jamestown

A

A settlement that was established by the Virginia Company

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Had shown that the settlers were not content with being restricted to the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

A colony lead by the pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Protestants who wanted to reform

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The Pilgrims came to America on the Mayflower on September 1620

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

A set of articles the Pilgrims followed at Plymouth

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

The Pilgrims were lead by this my for over 30 years and he is famous for writing Plymouth Plantation

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

During the 1st spring these two Native Americans showed the Pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, & squash. They also showed them where to hunt and fish

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15
Q

Puritans

A

The Puritans had little toleration for any other religious beliefs

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

In 1629 a group of the Puritans created this colony and it was based off of the Bible

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

He was the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson & Rodger Williams

A

They were both taken to trial over disagreeing with the Puritans and were kicked out of Massachusetts. They formed Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft. There were many who were falsely accused that were killed

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20
Q

William Penn

A

He founded Pennsylvania, he was a Quaker who write their constitution

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21
Q

Quakers

A

They were tolerant of other people’s views and they were pacifists of people who refused to fight in wars or use force & had positive treatment toward AA’s and women

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22
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

He set up Georgia and he was their first governor. Georgia was set up as a buffer state between the stronger English colonies & Spanish attacks & as a place where English debtors and the lower class could get a fresh start

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23
Q

First Great Awakening

A

The belief grows that to God, all people are equal

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24
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American Colonies

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25
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Poor Richards Almanack- Benjamin Franklin wrote this, a collection of witty sayings such as "A penny saved is a penny earned" Albany Plan of Union-it was designed to help the colonies defend themselves form the French Join or Die Cartoon-the very first political cartoon in America
26
John Peter Zenger Trial
He accused the governor of New York of corruption in the New York Weekly Journal and was thrown in jail. He was found not guilty and this helped lead US to freedom of the press
27
Cause of French and Indian War
The Ohio River Valley
28
The Proclamation of 1763
This document halted western expansion by the settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains to appease the NA's
29
The Sugar Act
Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling in 1764
30
The Stamp Act
This places a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies
31
The Boston Massacre
A fight broke out between the townspeople and British soldiers. There were 5 people killed in this fight. It was successfully used as a propaganda
32
The Boston Tea Party
A group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty board an East India Trading Company ship when it is set to be unloaded and they destroy the tea by throwing it into the Boston Harbor
33
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Harsh laws intended to punish Massachusetts citizens as a reaction to the Boston Tea Party
34
Patrick Henry
He persuaded the House of Burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act and is the most anti-British political action from the colonists up to this point
35
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
The Sons of Liberty was a secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists and fight taxation by the British and was founded by Samuel Adams
36
John Hancock
He was the first person to sign the Deceleration of Independence
37
Thomas Paine's Common Sense
He published this pamphlet that called for the colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain
38
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
1776, in Philadelphia, written by Thomas Jefferson, it purpose was to explain why explain chose to form a new nation
39
Cause of American Revolutionary War
Taxation without representation. The British taxed the colonists without their say so
40
Loyalists
Otherwise known as Tories, they didn't think these taxes were enough of a reason to fight or colonists still loyal to a Great Britain
41
Patriots
Also known as Rebels, they were determined to fight until independence was won
42
Battles of Lexington and Concord
The battle at Lexington is where Minutemen fired the "shot heard 'round the world"
43
Battle of Saratoga
The turning point of the American Revolutionary War. After this battle France and Spain became allies of the colonies
44
Winter at Valley Forge
A time of terrible suffering without decent food, clothing, to shelter for Washington and his troops
45
Battle of Yorktown
This battle was the last major battle of the American Revolution
46
Benedict Arnold
He was the hero of the Battle of Saratoga
47
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
48
Marquis de La Fayette
He believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind
49
Friedrich von Steuben
He drilled the troops at Valley Forge teaching the Continental Army the essentials of military drill and discipline
50
Francis Marion
Also known as the Swamp fox. He is considered the father of the guerrilla warfare, a hit and run war technique
51
Guerrilla Warfare
A hit and run war technique
52
Treaty of Paris 1783
Great Britain recognize pad the US as an independent nation. The document that ended the American Revolutionary War
53
Northwest Ordinance 1787
Created one territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River Valley and East of the Mississippi River. First bill of rights and it was the first attempt to stop the spread of slavery
54
The Articles of Confederation
Americas first constitution
55
Shays' Rebellion
It was an uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the governments taxes on poor farmers
56
The Great Compromise
Established the model for Congress used to this day
57
The 3/5 Compromise
Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person for representation
58
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison is the father, 1787 is the year, and the purpose was to create a system of government that was stronger than the AOC
59
Bill of Rights
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution
60
1st Amendment
Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government
61
2nd Amendment
Citizens have the right to own firearms
62
4th Amendment
Protect against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
63
5th Amendment
Natural rights can not be deprived without sure process of law
64
6th Amendment
You have the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury
65
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Executive Branch-Carries out the laws Judicial Branch-Interprets laws and declares laws or presidential actions unconstitutional Legislative Branch-Law making branch
66
Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
67
Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of Treasury
68
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien Acts- allowed President to deport aliens | Sedition Acts- a crime to speak or white false criticisms to try and weaken the government
69
John Sevier
The first governor of Tennessee
70
Natchez Trace
The path from Natchez, Mississippi to Tennessee that most merchants travelled on to sell goods
71
Marbury v Madison
The landmark court case that established Judicial review
72
Judicial review
The court can nullify actions of the other branches
73
Mcculloch v Maryland
The state Maryland imposed a tax over a branch of the second bank of the US-a federal institution.
74
Pacifists
People who refuse to fight in wars or use force, Quakers

US History (13 decks)

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