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US History > Part One Of The Final 150 > Flashcards

Part One Of The Final 150 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire new lands and spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

The joint stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

John Smith

A

He was the governor of Jamestown for its 1st two years and he built a strong relationship with Chief Powhatan to get corn

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4
Q

Pocahontas

A

Well known for saving John Smith’s life

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5
Q

John Rolfe

A

He learned how to grow tobacco and sold the first crop in 1614 in England, he also married the daughter of Chief Powhatan

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6
Q

Tobacco

A

The crop that saved Jamestown

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7
Q

Jamestown

A

A settlement that was established by the Virginia Company

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Had shown that the settlers were not content with being restricted to the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

A colony lead by the pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Protestants who wanted to reform

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The Pilgrims came to America on the Mayflower on September 1620

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

A set of articles the Pilgrims followed at Plymouth

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

The Pilgrims were lead by this my for over 30 years and he is famous for writing Plymouth Plantation

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

During the 1st spring these two Native Americans showed the Pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, & squash. They also showed them where to hunt and fish

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15
Q

Puritans

A

The Puritans had little toleration for any other religious beliefs

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

In 1629 a group of the Puritans created this colony and it was based off of the Bible

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

He was the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson & Rodger Williams

A

They were both taken to trial over disagreeing with the Puritans and were kicked out of Massachusetts. They formed Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft. There were many who were falsely accused that were killed

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20
Q

William Penn

A

He founded Pennsylvania, he was a Quaker who write their constitution

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21
Q

Quakers

A

They were tolerant of other people’s views and they were pacifists of people who refused to fight in wars or use force & had positive treatment toward AA’s and women

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22
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

He set up Georgia and he was their first governor. Georgia was set up as a buffer state between the stronger English colonies & Spanish attacks & as a place where English debtors and the lower class could get a fresh start

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23
Q

First Great Awakening

A

The belief grows that to God, all people are equal

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24
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American Colonies

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25
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

Poor Richards Almanack- Benjamin Franklin wrote this, a collection of witty sayings such as “A penny saved is a penny earned”
Albany Plan of Union-it was designed to help the colonies defend themselves form the French
Join or Die Cartoon-the very first political cartoon in America

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26
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

He accused the governor of New York of corruption in the New York Weekly Journal and was thrown in jail. He was found not guilty and this helped lead US to freedom of the press

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27
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

The Ohio River Valley

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28
Q

The Proclamation of 1763

A

This document halted western expansion by the settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains to appease the NA’s

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29
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling in 1764

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30
Q

The Stamp Act

A

This places a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies

31
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

A fight broke out between the townspeople and British soldiers. There were 5 people killed in this fight. It was successfully used as a propaganda

32
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

A group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty board an East India Trading Company ship when it is set to be unloaded and they destroy the tea by throwing it into the Boston Harbor

33
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

Harsh laws intended to punish Massachusetts citizens as a reaction to the Boston Tea Party

34
Q

Patrick Henry

A

He persuaded the House of Burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act and is the most anti-British political action from the colonists up to this point

35
Q

Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty

A

The Sons of Liberty was a secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists and fight taxation by the British and was founded by Samuel Adams

36
Q

John Hancock

A

He was the first person to sign the Deceleration of Independence

37
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

He published this pamphlet that called for the colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain

38
Q

Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance

A

1776, in Philadelphia, written by Thomas Jefferson, it purpose was to explain why explain chose to form a new nation

39
Q

Cause of American Revolutionary War

A

Taxation without representation. The British taxed the colonists without their say so

40
Q

Loyalists

A

Otherwise known as Tories, they didn’t think these taxes were enough of a reason to fight or colonists still loyal to a Great Britain

41
Q

Patriots

A

Also known as Rebels, they were determined to fight until independence was won

42
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

The battle at Lexington is where Minutemen fired the “shot heard ‘round the world”

43
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

The turning point of the American Revolutionary War. After this battle France and Spain became allies of the colonies

44
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

A time of terrible suffering without decent food, clothing, to shelter for Washington and his troops

45
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

This battle was the last major battle of the American Revolution

46
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

He was the hero of the Battle of Saratoga

47
Q

Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

George Washington

48
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

He believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind

49
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A

He drilled the troops at Valley Forge teaching the Continental Army the essentials of military drill and discipline

50
Q

Francis Marion

A

Also known as the Swamp fox. He is considered the father of the guerrilla warfare, a hit and run war technique

51
Q

Guerrilla Warfare

A

A hit and run war technique

52
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Great Britain recognize pad the US as an independent nation. The document that ended the American Revolutionary War

53
Q

Northwest Ordinance 1787

A

Created one territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River Valley and East of the Mississippi River. First bill of rights and it was the first attempt to stop the spread of slavery

54
Q

The Articles of Confederation

A

Americas first constitution

55
Q

Shays’ Rebellion

A

It was an uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the governments taxes on poor farmers

56
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for Congress used to this day

57
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person for representation

58
Q

The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison is the father, 1787 is the year, and the purpose was to create a system of government that was stronger than the AOC

59
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The first 10 amendments to the Constitution

60
Q

1st Amendment

A

Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government

61
Q

2nd Amendment

A

Citizens have the right to own firearms

62
Q

4th Amendment

A

Protect against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause

63
Q

5th Amendment

A

Natural rights can not be deprived without sure process of law

64
Q

6th Amendment

A

You have the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury

65
Q

Three Branches of Government and their purpose

A

Executive Branch-Carries out the laws
Judicial Branch-Interprets laws and declares laws or presidential actions unconstitutional
Legislative Branch-Law making branch

66
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

67
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Secretary of Treasury

68
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Alien Acts- allowed President to deport aliens

Sedition Acts- a crime to speak or white false criticisms to try and weaken the government

69
Q

John Sevier

A

The first governor of Tennessee

70
Q

Natchez Trace

A

The path from Natchez, Mississippi to Tennessee that most merchants travelled on to sell goods

71
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

The landmark court case that established Judicial review

72
Q

Judicial review

A

The court can nullify actions of the other branches

73
Q

Mcculloch v Maryland

A

The state Maryland imposed a tax over a branch of the second bank of the US-a federal institution.

74
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refuse to fight in wars or use force, Quakers

US History (13 decks)

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