Part II Historical Foundations of Education Flashcards
Age of Pericles
A period (455–431 bce) of Greek history in which sufficiently great strides were made in human advancement to generate an organized concern for formal education.
Socratic method
A way of teaching that centers on the use of questions by the teacher to lead students to a certain conclusion.
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Charlemagne
The dark ages
What is the Committee of Ten?
In 1892 a committee was established by the National Education Association (NEA) to A historic National Education Association (NEA) committee that studied secondary education in 1892.
Plato.
Plato set forth his recommendations for the ideal society. He suggested that society should contain three classes of people: artisans, to do the manual work; soldiers, to defend the society; and philosophers, to advance knowledge and to rule the society. Plato’s educational aim was to discover and develop each individual’s abilities. He believed that each person’s abilities should be used to serve society.
Alcuin
The dark ages
What are the 4 recommendations of the Committee of Ten?
(1) High school should consist of grades 7 through 12; (2) courses should be arranged sequentially; (3) students should be given very few electives in high school; and (4) one unit, called a Carnegie unit, should be awarded for each separate course that a student takes each year, provided that the course meets four or five times each week all year long.
Aristotle
Aristotle believed that a person’s most important purpose in life was to serve and improve humankind. Aristotle’s educational method, however, was scientific, practical, and objective, in contrast to the philosophical methods of Socrates and Plato. Aristotle believed that the quality of a society was determined by the quality of education found in that society
Thomas Aquinas
The revival of learning
Seven Cardinal Principles
In 1918, the Commission on Reorganization of Secondary Education published the report Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education, usually referred to as the Seven Cardinal Principles.
Latin grammar schools
An early type of school that emphasized the study of Latin, literature, history, mathematics, music, and dialectics.
Vittorino Da Feltre
The Renaissance
What are the goals of education listed by the Eight-Year Study?
- Physical and mental health 2. Self-assurance 3. Assurance of growth toward adult status 4. Philosophy of life 5. Wide range of personal interests 6. Aesthetic appreciations 7. Intelligent self-direction 8. Progress toward maturity in social relations with age-mates and adults 9. Wise use of goods and services 10. Vocational orientation 11. Vocational competence.
John Locke
John Locke viewed a young child’s mind as a blank slate (tabula rasa) on which an education could be imprinted. He believed that teachers needed to create a nonthreatening learning environment—a revolutionary idea at that time.
Erasmus
The Renaissance
