Part II

Question 1

Are those that can be beneficial to the welfare of the society such as early traditions and practices, folkways, norms, those that are controlled by social rules, and laws.

Answer 1

Accepted acts

Question 2

Are anything approved by the majority which is believed to be beneficial to the common good.
These things include marrying; having children, crop production, growing food, etc..

Answer 2

Encourage acts

Question 3

Crimes, violence, rebellious acts and other acts, which are expressly prohibited by the society.

Answer 3

Forbidden acts

Question 4

the most lasting and the most prevailing influence.

Answer 4

Roman law

Question 5

-Oldest Code known to man
-institutes fines of monetary compensation for bodily damage, as opposed to the later lex talionis (“eye for an eye”) principle of Babylonian law; however, murder, robbery, adultery and rape
were capital offenses. Provides the first caste system.

Answer 5

Code of Ur – Nammu

Question 6

-credited as the oldest code
-prescribing savage punishment, based on the principle of Retaliation or “lex taliones” (law of retaliation) which means an eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth, but in fact, Sumerian codes were
nearly one hundred years older.

Answer 6

Code of King Hammurabi/Code of Hammurabi

Question 7

-Also known as Corpus Juris Civilis
-Revision of 12 tables of roman law
-Emperor Justinian of Rome wrote his code of law, an effort to match a desirable amount of punishment to all possible crimes. However, the law did not survive due to the fall of the Roman Empire but left a foundation of Western legal codes.

Answer 7

Justinian Code

Question 8

-Represented the earliest codification of Roman law incorporated into the Justinian code.
-It is also a collection of legal principles engraved on metal tablets and set up on the forum.

Answer 8

The twelve tables

Question 9

In Greece, a harsh code that provides the same punishment for both citizens and the slaves as it incorporates primitive concepts

Answer 9

Greek Code of Draco

Question 10

This law repealed Draco’s laws and allowed capital punishment only for a limited number of serious offenses, such as murder or military or political offenses against the state. It also gave the right of representation, of every person to claim redress on behalf of another to whom wrong was being done.

Answer 10

Solon’s Law

Question 11

Specified punishment according to the social class of offenders, dividing them into: nobles, middle class, and lower class and specifying the value of the life of each person according to social status.

Answer 11

Burgundian Code

Question 12

a criminal could avoid punishment by claiming refugee in a church for a period of 40 days at the end of which time he has compelled to leave the realm by a road or path assigned to him.

Answer 12

13th Century – Securing Sanctuary

Question 13

Tortures as a form of punishment became prevalent.

Answer 13

1468 (ENGLAND)

Question 14

Transportation of criminals in England was authorized.

Answer 14

16th Century

Question 15

Year of abandonment of transportation

Answer 15

1835

Question 16

Death penalty became prevalent as a form of punishment.

Answer 16

17th century to late 18th century

Question 17

pretrial detention facilities operated by English sheriff.

Answer 17

GAOLS (Jails)

Question 18

-long, low, narrow, single decked ships propelled by sails, usually rowed by criminals.
- A type of ship used for
transportation of criminals in the sixteenth century.

Answer 18

Galleys

Question 19

-decrepit transport, former warship used to house prisoners in the eighteenth and nineteenth century.
-These were abandoned warships converted into prisons as means of relieving congestion of prisoners. They were also called “Floating
hells”.

Answer 19

Hulks (floating hells)

Question 20

Early codes (3)

Answer 20

Roman law
Mohammedan or Arabic law
Anglo-American laws.

Question 21

The redress that the state takes against an offending member of the society that usually involved pain and suffering.

Answer 21

Punishment

Question 22

A former Iraq ruler who is Killed by death by hanging because of killing 148 people.

Answer 22

Saddam Hussein

Question 23

The punishment should be provided by the state whose sanction is violated, to afford the society or the individual the opportunity of imposing upon the offender suitable punishment as might be enforced. Offenders should be punished because they deserve it.

Answer 23

RETRIBUTION

Question 24

Punishment in the form of group vengeance where the purpose is to appease the offended public or group.

Answer 24

EXPIATION OR ATONEMENT

Question 25

punishment gives lesson to offender by showing to others what would happen to them if they violate the law. Punishment is imposed to warn potential offenders that they can afford to do what the offender has done.

Answer 25

DETERRENCE

Question 26

The public is protected if the offender has been held in conditions where he can not harm others especially the public. Punishment is effected by placing offenders in prison so that society is ensured from further criminal depredations of criminals.

Answer 26

INCAPACITATION AND PROTECTION

Question 27

It is the establishment of the usefulness and responsibility of the offender. Society’s interest can be better served by helping the prisoner to become law abiding citizen and productive upon his return to the community by requiring him to undergo intensive program of rehabilitation in prison.

Answer 27

REFORMATION OR REHABILITATION