Part 3 Flashcards
a century of change, it is period of recognizing human dignity.
18th century
He fought for religious freedom and individual right.
The first leader to prescribe imprisonment as correctional treatment for major offender.
He is also responsible for the abolition of death penalty and torture as a form of punishment.
William Penn
• Physician, patriot, signer of the declaration of independence and social reformer.
• He also advocated the penitentiary for capital and corporal punishment.
Benjamin Rush
It is an institution intended to isolate prisoners from society and from one another so that they could reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and thus undergo reformation.
Penitentiary
He believes that harsh punishment would undermine morality and that appealing to moral sentiments as a better means of preventing crime.
French historian and philosopher who analyzed law as an expression of justice.
Charles Montesquieu
• He was the most versatile of all philosophers during this period.
He believes that fear of shame was a deterrent to crime.
• He fought the legality-sanctioned practice of torture.
Voltaire or Francois Marie Arouet
• Father of classical theory, politician, and Italian philosopher
• He wrote an easy entitled ‘An essay on crimes and punishment’” the most exiting essay on law during this
century. It presented the humanistic goal of law.
Cesare bonesara marchese de beccaria
The greatest leader in the Reform of English Criminal Law.
He believes that whatever punishment designed to negate whatever pleasure or gain the criminal derives from crime; the crime rate would go down.
Jeremy Bentham
Prison that consist of large circular building containing multi cells around the periphery.
It was never built.
Panopticon prison
The father of prison reform.
The sheriff of Bedfordshire in 1773, who devoted his life and fortune to prison reform.
John Howard
follower of Bentham was an able lawyer and the most effective leader in direct and persistent agitation for
reform of the English criminal code.
He pressed for construction of the first modern English prison, Millbank in 1816
Sir Samuel Romilly
first modern English prison
Millbank
Considered father of modern policy system
he established the London metropolitan police in 1829
known as bobbies.
he was active in all phases of Criminal Justice.
Was a leader in the English legislature for reform of the criminal code, pushing through programs devised by Bentham, Romilly and others. He established the Irish constabulary called ‘PEELERS’ after the founder.
Sir Robert Peel
divided prisoners into companied and appointed prisoners as petty officers in charge.
Academic classes of one hour a day were given in all inmates under 20
years of age.
He was the director of the prison in Valencia, Spain, in 1835,
Manuel Montesimos
Credited as the father of parole
superintendent of a penal colony at Norfolk Island in Australia who introduces a progressive humane
system to substitute for corporal punishment
He introduced fair disciplinary trials, built churches, distributed books, allowed plays to be staged and
permitted prisoners to tend small gardens.
Alexander Maconochie
He is the director of the Irish prison in 1854 who introduced the Irish system that was modified from the
Maconochie’s mark system.
Water Crofton
He was famous for the establishment of agricultural colony for delinquent boys in France in 1839. (Young boys offenders)
The boys were housed in cottages with house fathers as in charge,
The system was based on reeducation rather that force.
Frederick Auguste Demetz
introduced in Elmira a new institutional program for boys from 16 to 30 years of age.
Zebulon Brockway
director of English prisons after visiting Elmira in 1897 opened the Borstal Institution near Rochedi in
Kent.
he build borstal institution
Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise
the earliest best reform institution for young offender.
Borstal institution of England
warden of the Auburn and later of Sing Sing (which he built).
one of the most influential
persons in the development of early prison discipline in America.
He is described as having been a strict disciplinarian who believe that all convicts were cowards who could
not be reformed until their spirit was broken.
Elam Lynds
development of the various forms of attire to degrade and identity prisoners.
Prison stripes
The line moved rapidly toward its destination as the prisoners shuffled their feet in unison without lifting them from the ground.
required to line up in a close formation with their hands on the shoulders under the arms of the prisoner in front.
Lockstep
Father of penitentiary science.
Design the prison of Ghent (Belgium) to rehabilitate rather to punish.
He developed a strict classification of criminals and their segregation.
Jean Jacques Villain
