Part (A)-(2)

Question 1

What parts does the Upper Respiratory Tract consist of?

Answer 1

Nasal passages
Pharynx
Larynx

Question 2

What parts do the Lower Respiratory Tract consist of?

Answer 2

Trachea
Bronchi 
Lungs
Alveoli 
Epiglottis

Question 3

Respiration (Lung Function)

Answer 3

The exchange of gases between the cells, blood, and atmosphere

Question 4

Four processes of Respiration

Answer 4

Pulmonary Ventilation
Pulmonary Diffusion
Transport of Respiration Gases
Internal Respiration

Question 5

Pulmonary Ventilation

Answer 5

movement of air from the atmosphere into tha alveoli

Question 6

Pulmonary Diffusion

Answer 6

exchange of 02 and C02 between the lungs and the blood

Question 7

Transport of Respiration Gases

Answer 7

transportation of 02 and C02 between the lungs and the tissue

Question 8

Internal Respiration

Answer 8

gas exchange between the blood capillaries and the tissue cells

Question 9

Average Adult Respiration

Answer 9

12 respirations in 1 minute, resting movement of 6 L of air into and out of the lungs per minute.

Question 10

Inspiration Description

Answer 10

Diaphragm muscles contract and flatten
Intercostals raise the thorax and sternum out
Chest cavity is enlarged and pressure is reduced
Air is drawn in

Question 11

Expiration Description

Answer 11

Diaphragm relaxes and forms a dome shape
Chest cavity is reduced
Pressure is increased
Air is forced out

Question 12

What happens to the rate and depth of your respiration during exercise?

Answer 12

They increase gently because increased amounts of CO2 in the blood triggers greater respiratory activity

Question 13

Lung volumes during exercise

Answer 13

TV increase about 5 to 6 times

EVR and IRV utilised more and thus decrease in volume

Question 14

Blood flow during exercise

Answer 14

Flow is greater meaning more open capillaries at the alveolar capillary membrane increase surface area in lungs for gaseous exchange

Question 15

Ventilation adaption to exercise

Answer 15

Increases from 6L/min to ore than 100l/min during exercise
increases respiration rate about 15-40 more breaths pre minute
increases tidal volume from baout 10% of vital capacity to over 50%

Question 16

Effects on Lung Diffusion during exercise

Answer 16

During exercise there is increase in oxygen diffusion from the aveoli to the blood

Question 17

Oxygen Uptake (V02) during exercise

Answer 17

20 fold increase in V02 until max.

Question 18

Long term responses to exercise

Answer 18

Muscles are conditioned and strenghted and chest has greater ability to expand
Improved lung volume and lung funtion and take more air in one breath, utilising air more effienctly
increased lung volume means imoroved diffusion of 02 from lungs to yhe blood.
Increase gaseous exchange effieciency
improve amoutn of 02 to be transported to body cells