Part 91 Flashcards
Approach Ban (Non-LVO’s) - Location?
1,000’ AGL
Approach Ban (Non-LVO’s) - general criteria?
TDZ RVR continually less than specified minima for landing.
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - location?
1,000’ AGL
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - general criteria?
Controlling RVR continually less than RVR Zone Requirements
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - TDZ RVR requirements?
Always required unless:
- Conducting CAT III FO landing with FO or FP rollout and;
- MID and END RVR’s available
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - TDZ RVR requirements?
Always required unless:
- Conducting CAT III FO landing with FO or FP rollout and;
- MID and END RVR’s available
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - MID RVR requirements?
Required if END RVR not providing valid reports (not including CAT I SA)
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - END RVR requirements?
Required if MID RVR not providing valid reports (not including CAT I SA)
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - END RVR not required?
- CAT I SA
- CAT III with a rollout system
- Any other LVO IAP if MID RVR is not providing valid reports
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - TDZ RVR value?
As per approach chart
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - MID RVR values?
- CAT III + FO rollout = 75m
- Other instrument approach = 125m
- CAT III, no FO rollout = 175m
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - END RVR value?
75m
Approach Ban (LVO’s) - TDZ RVR not required?
3 requirements:
- CAT III with FO landing
- FO or FP rollout
- MID and END RVR
Missed Approach - Primary reasons?
- During final segment, a/c flown outside of tolerances for approach type
- GNSS approach, sustained deviation from centreline
- Below MSA, navaid become unreliable or inoperative
MOS 15.11
- RNP APCH or PA, a/c arrived at the minimum altitude; or has passed the minimum altitude but has not touched down, or
- RNP APCH or NPA, a/c has arrived at the missed approach point; or is being operated below minimum altitude; and any of the following apply:
» the aircraft is not continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway
– at a normal rate of descent
– using normal manoeuvres
– that allows touchdown to occur within the TDZ of the runway for the intended landing, and
» for other than low-visibility operations – flight visibility is less than the landing minima, or none of the following visual references for the intended runway or FATO are distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot: • elements of the approach lighting system • the threshold • the threshold markings • the threshold lights • the runway identification lights • the FATO itself • the visual approach slope indicator • the touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings • the touchdown zone lights • the FATO or runway lights.
» for low-visibility operations, the following visual references for the intended runway are not continuously visible and identifiable to the pilot: – for a CAT III approach using a fail operational (FO) landing system where use of a DH is prescribed – at least 1 centreline light – for a CAT III approach using a fail-passive (FP) landing system – at least 3 consecutive longitudinally-aligned lights – for a CAT III approach using an FO hybrid landing system – at least 3 consecutive longitudinally-aligned lights
MOS 15.11
Missed Approach (LVO’s) - visibility requirements CAT III + FO and DH
at least 1 centreline light
MOS 15.11
Missed Approach (LVO’s) - visibility requirements CAT III + FP
at least 3 consecutive longitudinally-aligned lights
MOS 15.11
Missed Approach (LVO’s) - visibility requirements CAT III + FO hybrid
at least 3 consecutive longitudinally-aligned lights
MOS 15.11
Landing Minima - TDZ not available?
800m
MOS 15.10
Landing Minima - approach lighting >420m not available?
800m
MOS 15.10
Landing Minima - FD and AP not available?
1200m
MOS 15.10
Landing Minima - warning system for EADI and EHSI not available?
1200m
MOS 15.10
Landing Minima - HIRL not available?
1200m
MOS 15.10
Landing Minima - approach lighting >210m not available?
1200m
MOS 15.10
Landing Minima - ALS not available?
1500m
MOS 15.10
Alternate Requirements - TAF?
Planned ETA +/- 30 minutes:
- Cloud: > SCT below ALT MIN
- Visibility: < ALT MIN or =/> ALT MIN but PROB 30 of visibility below ALT MIN
- Wind: HW, TW, XW greater than maximum for aircraft
- TS, severe TB or PROB 30 of their occurence.
MOS 8.02
Alternate Requirements - TAF3 OR ICAO forecast?
Same as TAF requirements except that:
- may ignore PROB
- buffer periods do not apply
Alternate Requirements - BCMG?
- deterioating conditions: applied at beginning of BCMG period
- improving conditions: applied from end of BCMG period
Alternate Requirements - buffer periods?
- 30 minutes apply to TAF, but not TAF3 or ICAO forecast
- 30 minutes apply to INTER and TEMPO
Alternate Requirements - aerodrome lighting?
If a flight is planned to land at night at an aerodrome that only has portable runway lighting, you must nominate a destination alternate aerodrome unless:
FORGET IT, THIS WILL NEVER HAPPEN.
Alternate minima – PA at foreign aerodromes
» a cloud ceiling of 400 ft
» a visibility of 1,600 m
MOS 8.09
Alternate minima – NPA at foreign aerodromes
» a cloud ceiling of 800 ft
» visibility of 3,000 m
(MOS 8.09)
Alternate minima – circling at foreign aerodromes
› the alternate minima must not be lower than the circling minima for the aerodrome plus:
» a ceiling increment of 500 ft
» a visibility increment of 2 km.
MOS 8.09
Checking pressure altitude systems – altimeter tolerance
* 75’
* But, for two altimetre ops, one must be within 60’
MOS 10.04
Availability of GNSS integrity for instrument approaches
For an aircraft with an approved GNSS that can achieve a lateral navigation accuracy of less than 0.3 NM using requisite GNSS satellites, you may disregard obtaining prediction for GNSS integrity availability as required above.
(MOS 14.06)
Oceanic airspace - entry requirements
If you have declared in a flight plan that you can navigate to RNP 2, RNP 4 or RNP 10 you must, immediately before entering oceanic airspace, ensure that a check has been completed and that there are at least 2 independent LRNSs capable of navigating the aircraft to the required navigation specification.
(MOS 11.03)
