Part 6 Network Configuration Lesson 20 - 22

Question 1

Define network “Interface” and 2 types

Answer 1

Any channel through which network data can flow.

1) Hardware network interfaces have a physical connection.
2) Virtual network interfaces are logical that ride on top of hardware interfaces

Question 2

What’s the purpose of Internet Protocol v4 (IPv4) addresses and subnet masks?

Answer 2

IP address identifies the location of a specific network device, the primary identification used by the Internet protocol suite TCP/IP for both local area and wide area networks.
Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range and to determine whether outgoing data is destined for a network device on the LAN.

Question 3

How does IPv4 addressing differ from IPv6 addressing?

Answer 3

An IPv4 address is a 32-bit number represented in four groups of three-digit numbers, known as octets, separated by periods. Each octet has a value between 0 and 255.
An IPv6 address is a 128-bit number that’s presented in eight groups of four-digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. This allows for a huge range of addresses, and as a result IPv6 addressing essentially includes subnet information.

Question 4

How does the IP use the MAC address to send messages

between computers on a local area network (LAN)?

Answer 4

by addressing the outgoing packets based on the destination device’s MAC address.

Question 5

How does the IP transfer messages between computers over a wide area network (WAN)?

Answer 5

A network client uses the subnet mask to determine whether the destination IP address is on the LAN. If the destination IP address isn’t on the LAN, it’s assumed that the destination address is on another network, and the client sends the data to the IP address of the local network router. The network router then sends the data, via a WAN connection, to another router that it thinks is closer to the destination. This continues across WAN connections from router to router until the data reaches its destination.

Question 6

How is the Domain Name Service (DNS) used to facilitate network naming?

Answer 6

to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and translate IP addresses to host names via reverse lookups. DNS is architected as a hierarchy of worldwide domain servers. Local DNS servers provide name resolution and possibly host names for local clients. These local DNS servers connect to DNS servers higher in the DNS hierarchy to resolve both unknown host names and host local domain names.

Question 7

What’s used to identify a Wi-Fi network?

Answer 7

SSID (Service Set Identifier)

Question 8

Which Wi-Fi authentication protocols are supported by OS X?

Answer 8

1. WEP
2. WPA/WPA2 Personal
3. WPA/ WPA2 Enterprise

Question 9

How can an OS X system automatically connect to a Wi-Fi network?

Answer 9

When the appropriate information was saved to the Keychain system.

Question 10

Through which mechanism can a standard user configure Wi- Fi settings? What Type can an admin configure?

Answer 10

Can connect to any non-WPA Enterprise Wi-Fi network via the Wi-Fi status menu.
Admin configure the WPA Enterprise connections

Question 11

Define network “protocol”

Answer 11

A set of rules used to describe a specific type of network communication

Question 12

define network “services”

Answer 12

a collection of settings that define a network connection

Question 13

What’s a network location? Who can access network locations?

Answer 13

A saved state of Network preferences that contains all network interface settings. 
Administrators only  (but if more than one location exists, all users can switch between the various network locations via the Apple menu.)

Question 14

Name 19 interfaces and protocols that are supported by default in OS X?

Answer 14

1. Ethernet IEEE 802.3
2. Wireless (Wi-Fi) IEEE 802.11
3. FireWire IEEE 1394
4. Thunderbolt
5. Bluetooth
6. USB
7. VPN Vi via PPTP
8. VPN via L2TP over Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)
9. VPN via Cisco IPSec
10. PPPoE
11. 6 to 4 virtual network interface
12. VLAN
13. Link Aggregation
14. TCP/IP
15. DHCP
16. DNS
17. NetBIOS
18. WINS
19. Authenticated Ethernet

Question 15

What functionality does OS X support with the AppleTalk protocol?

Answer 15

AppleTalk works only with Mac OS X v10.5 or earlier.

Question 16

How does network service order affect network connectivity?

Answer 16

The network service order list is used to determine the primary network service interface if there is more than one active service. All network traffic that isn’t better handled via local connection to an active network service interface is sent to the primary network service interface. So in most cases all WAN traffic, Internet traffic, and DNS resolution is sent through the primary network service interface.

Question 17

In Network preferences, how can you tell which interface is

currently being used for network activities?

Answer 17

all network service interfaces with a green status indicator are being used for network activities.
(However, again, all network traffic that isn’t better handled via a local connection is sent to the primary network service interface. The primary network service interface is the topmost active interface in the listing.)

Question 18

What’s the easiest method in OS X to configure VPN settings?

Answer 18

by using a configuration profile containing all the relevant VPN setup information.

Question 19

What are the two 802.1X methods configured on OS X systems?

Answer 19

1. Automatic via Wi-Fi network with WPA/WPA2 authentication

2. semiautomatic via 802.1X configuration profile provided by an admin