part 6

Question 1

What do Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB’s) end in?

Answer 1

-sartan

Question 2

Prevents the action of A-II and produces vasodilation and increased Na and water excretion.

Answer 2

ARBs Angiotensin II receptor blockers

Question 3

What are the nursing considerations for ARB’s?

Answer 3

• full effect on BP may not be seen for 3-6 weeks
• does not effect bradykinin levels, nice alternative for an ACE in case a cough develops
• caution with ACE and ARB together due to adverse renal effects

Question 4

What medication is a good alternative to an ACE inhibitor if a cough develops due to bradykinin levels?

Answer 4

ARBs

Question 5

Reduces sympathetic outflow from CNS resulting in reduced sympathetic tone = vasodilation, thus decreased SVR and BP

Answer 5

central acting a-adrenergic agonist

-clonidine (catapres)

Question 6

What are the nursing considerations for central acting a-adrenergic agonist
-clonidine (catapres).

Answer 6

• sudden withdrawal may result in rebound HTN, tachycardia, HA, tremors, apprehension, and sweating
• dry mouth (use gum or candy)
• sedative

Question 7

Selective blockade of alpha1 adrenergic receptors. Results in dilation of arterioles and veins, along with relaxation of smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate. Helpful with BPH.

Answer 7

alpha adrenergic blockers

-Doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin

Question 8

What medication can be helpful if a pt has hypertension and BPH?

Answer 8

alpha adrenergic blockers

-Doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin

Question 9

What are the adverse effects of alpha adrenergic blockers

-Doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin?

Answer 9

ortho hypotension
reflex tachycardia
nasal congestion

Question 10

Blocks beta 1 and 2 receptor (one heart two lungs)

• reduces HR
• decreases the force of ventricular contraction
• suppress impulse conduction through the AV node

Answer 10

first gen nonselective beta blockers Propranolol (Inderal)

Question 11

• Selective blockade of beta 1

- decreased CO and reduces sympathetic vasoconstriction tone. Decreases renin secretion by kidneys.

Answer 11

second gen beta blocker cardioselective Metoprolol (lopressor), Atenolol (Tenormin)

Question 12

vasodilating beta blocker

Answer 12

third gen Carvedilol

Question 13

What are the AE for first gen nonselective beta blockers Propranolol (Inderal)

Answer 13

bradycardia
AV heart block 
HF
bronchoconstriction and wheezing 
orthostatic hypotension

Question 14

What are the considerations for the cardioselective blockers Metoprolol (lopressor), Atenolol (Tenormin)?

Answer 14

monitor pulse and BP