part 6

Question 1

What are the risk factors for communicable diseases in children?

Answer 1

• exposure
• immature immune system
• no immunization

Question 2

Most communicable diseases of childhood have characteristic rash. What are 4 examples?

Answer 2

• Rubeola (Measles)
• Rubella (German Measles)
• Verrucae (Plantar Wart)
• Herpes Simplex types I and II
• Varicella Zoster

Question 3

What are some commonalities in viral infections?

Answer 3

• rash (exanthem)
• fever
• cold or flu like symptoms
• transmitted by direct contact with droplets or airborne particles
• prevented by immunization
• treatment is mostly symptomatic
• encephalitis (rare but can occur as complication of childhood viral infections)

Question 4

What are some examples viral infections that are airborne precaution?

Answer 4

measles
varicella
tuberculosis

Question 5

What are some examples viral infections that are droplet precaution?

Answer 5

Hib
meningitis
pneumonia 
pertussis
pneumonic plague
pharyngitis

Question 6

Remains suspended in air for long periods or dust particles containing the infectious agent. 6 foot transmission

Answer 6

airborne precautions

Question 7

Generated from the person when talking, sneezing, or coughing, suctioning, bronchoscopy. Transmission requires close contact 3 feet or less.

Answer 7

droplet

Question 8

• skin to skin

- skin to contaminated object

Answer 8

contact precaution

Question 9

What temperature control measures should be used to prevent hyperthermia in children with viral infections?

Answer 9

• acetaminophen or ibuprofen

- NO ASPIRIN

Question 10

What are important nursing considerations for viral infections?

Answer 10

• hand washing
• bed rest
• prevent scratching because it can cause secondary infection (pat rather than scratch)
• encourage fluid intake
• bland soft diet (lesions may be in mouth)