Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

INTRO TO CRIM > part 5 > Flashcards

part 5 Flashcards

1
Q

The study of punishment for crime or of criminal offenders. It includes the study of control and prevention of crime through punishment of criminal offenders.

A

PENOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Penology is derived from the Latin word ____ which means____

A

POENA ; Pain or Suffering.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Penology is otherwise known as

A

Penal Science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

It is actually a division of criminology that deals with prison management and the treatment of offenders and concerned itself with the philosophy and practice of society in its effort to repress criminal activities.

A

PENOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

it maintains the “doctrine of psychological hedonism” or “free will”. That the individual calculates pleasures and pains in advance of action and regulates his conduct by the result of his calculations.

A

The Classical School

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

it maintained that while the classical doctrine is correct in general, it should be modified in certain details. Since children and lunatics cannot calculate the differences of pleasures from pain, they should not be regarded as criminals; hence they should be free from punishment.

A

The Neo-Classical School

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the school that denied individual responsibility and reflected non- punitive reactions to crime and criminality. It adheres that crimes, as any other act, is natural phenomenon. Criminals are considered as sick individuals who need to be treated treatment programs rather than punitive action against them.

A

The positivist/Italian School

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Refers to the manner or practice of managing or controlling places of confinement as in jails or prisons.

A

PENAL MANAGEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A branch of the Criminal Justice System concerned with the custody, supervision and rehabilitation of criminal offenders.

A

CORRECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

deals with jails, prisons, and colonies where a convict is going to serve his sentence.

A

Institutional Corrections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

deals with service of sentence of a convict outside an institution. It is also known as a community-based treatment.

A

Non - Institutional Corrections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The study and practice of a systematic management of jails or prisons and other institutions concerned with the custody, treatment, and rehabilitation of criminal offenders.

A

CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

is the machinery of any government in the control and prevention of crimes and criminality.

A

Criminal Justice System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Crimes, violence, rebellious acts, and other acts, which are expressly prohibited by the society fall as

A

forbidden acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

are those that can be beneficial to the welfare of the society such as early traditions and practices, folkways, norms, those that are controlled by social rules, and laws.

A

Accepted acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

are anything approved by the majority which is believed to be beneficial to the common good. These things include marrying; having children, crop production, growing food, etc…

A

Encourage acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

has offered the most adequate basic concepts which sharply define, in concise and inconsistent terminology, mature rules in a complete system, logical and firm, tempered with high sense of equity.

A

Roman law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Oldest Code known to man institutes fines of monetary compensation for bodily damage, as opposed to the later lex talionis (‘eye for an eye) principle of Babylonian law; however, murder, robbery, adultery and rape were capital offenses. Provides the first caste system

A

Code of Ur- Nammu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a Sumerian code which forbid accepting money or objects “from the hands of a slave” or making loans

A

Code of Eshunna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

a more popular version the Sumerian law which chronicles the rights of citizens, marriages, successions, property rights and penalties.

A

Code of Lipit-Isthar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

credited as the oldest code prescribing savage punishment, based on the principle of Retaliation or “lex taliones” which means an eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth

A

Code of king Hammurabi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

an effort to match a desirable amount of punishment to all possible crimes.

A

Justinian Code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

represented the earliest codification of Roman law incorporated into the Justinian code. It is the formulation of all public and private law of the Romans until the time of Justinian.

A

The Twelve Tables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

It is also a collection of legal principles engraved on metal tablets and set up on the forum.

A

The Twelve Tables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

a harsh code that provides the same punishment for both citizens and the slaves as it incorporate primitive concepts

A

GREEK CODE OF DRACO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

This law repealed Draco’s laws and allowed capital punishment only for a limited number of serious offenses, such as murder or military or political offenses against the state. It also gave the right of representation, of every person to claim redress on behalf of another to whom wrong was being done.

A

Solon’s Law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

is a biblical term first found in the Book of Joshua 8:31-32

A

Law of Moses

28
Q

where Joshua writes the words of “The Law of Moses” on the altar at

A

Mount Ebal

29
Q

Specified punishment according to the social class of offenders, dividing them into: nobles, middle class, and lower class and specifying the value of the life of each person according to social status.

A

BURGUNDIAN CODE

aka Lex Gundobada, Gundobads code, Gundobalds code

30
Q

were advocated by Christian philosophers who recognizes the need for justice. proponents?

A

SECULAR LAW;
St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas.

31
Q

The canonical courts refuse to recognize State courts and allowed jurisdiction over crimes of heresy, blasphemy, and witchcraft.

A

JUDEAN - CHRISTIAN THEORY

32
Q

It is the redress that the state takes against an offending member of society that usually involved pain and suffering.

A

PUNISHMENT

33
Q

the punishment should be provided by the state whose sanction is violated, to afford the society or the individual the opportunity of imposing upon the offender suitable punishment as might be enforced. Offenders should be punished because they deserve it.

A

RETRIBUTION

34
Q

punishment in the form of group vengeance where the purpose is to appease the offended public or group.

A

EXPIATION OR ATONEMENT

35
Q

punishment gives lesson to offender by showing to others what would happen to them if they violate the law. Punishment is imposed to warn potential offenders that they can afford to do what the offender has done.

A

DETERRENCE

36
Q

the public is protected if the offender has been held in conditions where he cannot harm others especially the public. Punishment is effected by placing offenders in prison so that society is ensured from further criminal depredations of criminals.

A

INCAPACITATION AND PROTECTION

37
Q

it is the establishment of the usefulness and responsibility of the offender.

A

REFORMATION OR REHABILATATION

38
Q

is death by means of burning at stake, beheading broken on the wheel, garroting (strangulation by a tightened iron collar), and other forms of medieval executions.

A

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

39
Q

are those physical torture by means of mutilation, whipping or flogging, stocks, furca, stoning, branding, mutilation flogging/whipping.

A

Corporal punishments

40
Q

a prisoner in a standing position with the head and hands locked in place. Both devices exposed the prisoner to public scorn. And while confined in place, prisoners were frequently pelted with eggs and rotten fruit.

A

PILLORY

41
Q

has been the most common physical punishment through the ages.

A

FLOGGING/WHIPPING

42
Q

It is Common in England during the Middle Ages as chastisement for a wide variety of crimes

A

FLOGGING/WHIPPING

43
Q

traditional form of whip consisting if nine knotted cords fastened to a wooden handle.

A

Cat-o’-nine-tails

44
Q

is the cruel form of whip their knout was made of leather strips fitted with fish hook.

A

RUSSIAN KNOUT

45
Q

v - shaped yolk worn around the neck and where the outstretched arms of convict were tied to.

A

FURCA

46
Q

The early punishment were considered synonymous with slavery, those punished even had their “heads shaved” indicating the mark of the slave.

A

Polo y Servicio

47
Q

extensive use in Roman days, the offender’s property was confiscated in the name of the state and that his wife was declared a widow, meaning she is eligible to remarry. To society the criminal in effect “dead”.

A

PENAL SERVITUDE/CIVIL DEATH

48
Q

another type of corporal punishment use in ancient and medieval societies.

A

MUTILATION

49
Q

the sending or putting away of an offender.

A

BANISHMENT OR EXILE

50
Q

in which the victims family or tribe took revenge on the offenders family or tribe.

A

BLOOD FEUDS

51
Q

The practice of retaliation usually begins to develop into a system of criminal law when it becomes customary for the victims of the wrongdoing to accept money or property

A

VENGEANCE

52
Q

First punishment imposed by society, and it heralded the beginning of criminal law as we know it. As tribal leaders, elders & kings, came into power they began to exert their authority on the negotiations.

A

OUTLAWRY OR EXILE

53
Q

As the form of proving the guilt or innocent they will use it. it is the way to determined by subjecting the accused to dangerous or painful test in the belief that the innocent would emerge unscathed, whereas the guilt would suffer agonies and die.

A

Ordeal

54
Q

a criminal could avoid punishment by claiming refugee in a church for a period of 40 days at the end of which time he has compelled to leave the realm by a road or path assigned to him.

A

13th Century; Securing Sanctuary

55
Q

Tortures as a form of punishment became prevalent.

A

1468 (England)

56
Q

Transportation of criminals in England was authorized.

A

16th Century

57
Q

Death penalty became prevalent as a form of punishment.

A

17th Century to Late 18th Century

58
Q

Pretrial detention facilities operated by English sheriff.

A

GAOLS (Jails)

59
Q

Long, low, narrow, single decked ships propelled by sails, usually rowed. by criminals. A type of ship used for transportation of criminals in the sixteenth century.

A

GALLEYS

60
Q

Decrepit transport, former warship used to house prisoners in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. These were abandoned warships converted into prisons as means of relieving congestion of prisoners. They were also called…

A

HULKS ; Floating hells”

61
Q

putting the offender in prison for the purpose of protecting the public against criminal activities and at the same time rehabilitating the prisoners by requiring them to undergo institutional treatment programs.

A

IMPRISONMENT

62
Q

a conditional release of a prisoner after serving part of his/her sentence in prison for the purpose of gradually re-introducing him/her to free life under the guidance and supervision of a parole officer.

A

PAROLE

63
Q

a disposition whereby defendant after conviction of an offense, the penalty of which does not exceed six years imprisonment, is released subject to the conditions imposed by the releasing court

A

PROBATION

64
Q

an amount given as a compensation for a criminal act.

A

FINE

65
Q

the penalty of banishing a person from the place where he committed a crime, prohibiting him to get near a center the 25-kilometer perimeter.

A

DESTIERRO

66
Q

is a century of change

A

18th century

67
Q

It is the period of recognizing human dignity. It is the movement of reformation, the period of introduction of certain reforms in the correctional fields of a certain person, gradually the old philosophy of punishment to a more humane treatment of prisoners with innovational programs.

A

18th century

INTRO TO CRIM (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions