part 4 Flashcards
What is the first priority for dehydration?
restoration of circulation by rapid expansion of extracellular fluid
What is the first intervention for mild or moderate dehydration?
oral rehydration (if alert enough)
What should you always check before you replace potassium?
urine output
-sodium bicarb may be added if metabolic acidosis is present
What fluids should someone not take in if they are dehydrated and why?
- fruit joice
- carbonated soft drinks
- gelatin
- these fluids have high carbs and low electrolyte
What is the minimum output for infant/toddler, preschoolers/young schoolchildren, and older schoolchildren and adolescents?
- infant and toddlers: >2 to 3mL/kg/hr
- preschooler and young children: >1 to 2 mL/kg/hr
- older schoolchildren and adolescents: 0.5 to 1mL/kg/hr
What is the rule for daily fluid calculation?
10kg-10kg-remainder(kg):
10kg x 100
10kg x 50
remainder x 20
What is important for the prevention of dehydration?
handwashing
When is the first meconium for a newborn?
24 to 36 hours
Can withholding stool cause constipation?
yes, this is environmental
What is Hirschsprung’s Disease?
- also called aganglion megacolon
- congenital anomaly
- mechanical obstruction from inadequate motility of intestine
- absence of ganglion cells in colon
- aganglionic segment usually includes the rectum and proximal colon
- accumulation of stool with distention
What are the S/S of Hirschsprung’s Disease?
- failure to pass meconium
- abd distention
- vomiting
- poor feeding
What causes a potential for enterocolitis?
Hirschsprung’s Disease
What is the diagnostic examination for Hirschsprung’s Disease?
- mostly diagnosed in first few months
- complete and careful hx
- x-ray, barium enema studies
- anorectal manometric exam
- rectal biopsy to confirm
