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A and P II - Test 1 > Part 4 > Flashcards

Part 4 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What medicine irreversibly paralyses platelets?
A

Aspirin

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2
Q
  1. What will be the management of Aspirin poisoning/overdose as it affects the platelets?
A

Blood transfusion cover for the next 7 days

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3
Q
  1. What exposure makes the platelets adhere to each other in an injury to the blood vessel?

A

Exposure to collagen

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4
Q
  1. What factor has to be p[resent in the Collagen for the platelets to exhibit the “Platelet plug”?

A

Von Willebrand factor


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5
Q
  1. What is the commonest inherited/Hereditary clotting disorder in human beings that is usually an accidental finding?
A

Von willebrands disease

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6
Q
  1. What is bound to Von Willebrand factor?

A

Factor 8 (anti hemophilic factor)

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7
Q
  1. What is clotting/coagulation?

A

Conversion of Fibrinogen into a Fibrin network with the help of over a dozen clotting/coagulation factors


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8
Q
  1. What is the only electrolyte that is a clotting factor?
A

Calcium

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9
Q
  1. This organ serves as the graveyard of the RBCs:
A

Spleen

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10
Q

Characteristics of the spleen

A

Spleen has the narrowest capillaries of the Human Body. Red blood cells older than 120 days lose their flexibility and get lysed as they travel through the capillaries of the Spleen.


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11
Q
  1. What is the life span of RBCs?

A

120 days

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12
Q
  1. ABO system of Blood grouping:

A

Preformed antibodies are present

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13
Q
  1. Rh system of Blood grouping:

A
  • Preformed antibodies are not present
- Prior exposure is required for the
formation of antibodies against the Rh
antigen

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14
Q
  1. Anemia:
A

Compromised oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

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15
Q
  1. Anemia can be a life threatening disorder in people who already have an
A

Ischemic condition

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16
Q
  1. Ischemia:
A

A state of inadequate blood supply to a tissue / organ

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17
Q
  1. Factor V Leiden is the most common hereditary
A

hypercoagulability disorder amongst Eurasians.


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18
Q
  1. Platelets originate from the
A

Megacaryocyte

19
Q
  1. What kind of cells are platelets?
A

They are not cells but rather “cell fragments”

20
Q 
95. Phases of Hemostasis:
A
B
C
D
E
A

a. Vasospasm/Vasoconstriction
b. Platelet plug
c. Coagulation/Clotting
d. Clot retraction
e. Clot Lysis

21
Q

Phases of Hemostasis:

Coagulation / clotting

A

Fibrinogen with the help of over one dozen clotting factors changes into a fibrin network

22
Q

Phases of Hemostasis:

Clot retraction

A

Serum is released

23
Q

Phases of Hemostasis:

Clot lysis

A

Accomplished by activating “Plasminogen” to “Plasmin” that breaks down the clot


24
Q
  1. The phases of Clotting/Coagulation: 
A
A

a. Extrinsic pathway of Clotting/coagulation: is initiated in an environment outside the blood vessel.
- The first step is the release of the Tissue factor
- Vitamin K is processed by the Liver that leads to the development of clotting factors 2,7,9& 10. (produced in the Liver)

25
Q

The phases of clotting / coagulation

B

A

b. Intrinsic pathway of Clotting/Coagulation: Is initiated inside the blood vessel
 

 


26
Q

The phases of clotting / coagulation

C

A

c. The intrinsic & extrinsic pathway meet at the common pathway that starts at factor 10.


27
Q

The phases of clotting / coagulation
D

What vitamin is an Anti-coagulant?

A

Vitamin e

28
Q

The phases of clotting / coagulation

E

A

e. DIC: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation – UTI (prolonged catheterization) – Septic Shock – DIC – death


29
Q

The phases of clotting / coagulation:

f: Classical presentations of Coagulation disorder:

A


Intact skin: Late re-bleeding


Breached skin: uncontrollable bleeding.


30
Q
  1. Preformed antibodies are present in the
A

ABO system of blood grouping

31
Q
  1. Preformed antibodies are not present in the
A

Rh system of blood grouping

32
Q
  1. Universal Blood Donor is blood group:
A

O negative

33
Q
  1. Universal Blood Recipient is blood group:
A

AB positive

34
Q
  1. What is the life span of platelets?
A

7 days

35
Q

Clotting/coagulation:

The test that evaluates the extrinsic pathway:

A

Prothrombin time

36
Q

these factors are called “vitamin K dependent factors.

A

2,7,9,10

37
Q

Anti-Vitamin K medications

A

Warfarin / Coumadin

38
Q

What is the management of Liver failure (with reference to clotting/coagulation?)


A

Blood transfusion/fresh frozen plasma/clotting factors 2,7,9 & 10.

39
Q

Clotting / coagulation:

The test that evaluates the intrinsic pathway:

A

aPTT/PTT time

40
Q

Clotting / coagulation

What naturally occurring anti-coagulant blocks the Intrinsic pathway:

A

Heparin

41
Q

What is the antidote of Heparin? 


A

Protamine sulfate

42
Q

aPTT and PTT stand for?

A

aPTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time
PTT: Partial thromboplastin time

43
Q

Clotting / coagulation:

Extrinsic and intrinsic pathways are initiated where?

A

Extrinsic = outside the blood vessel

Intrinsic = inside the blood vessel

44
Q

Clotting / coagulation

Vitamin K dependent pathway.

A

extrinsic pathway

A and P II - Test 1 (4 decks)

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