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history conflict and tension > part 3 Origins and outbreak of WW2 > Flashcards

part 3 Origins and outbreak of WW2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Hitler’s main 6 aims

A
  • overturn treaty of versailles
  • rearm Germany
  • lebensraum
  • volksdeutsche
  • anschluss
  • destroy communism
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2
Q

when did Hitler become chancellor of Germany

A

1933

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3
Q

what was the unemployment number in 1933

A

6 million

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4
Q

what was lebensraum

A

gaining land in the east through invading Eastern European countries

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5
Q

what was rearmament

A

reintroduction of conscription and build airforce

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6
Q

who did chamberlain send to meet with hitler and when

A

Lord Halifax November 1937

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7
Q

why did chamberlain send lord Halifax to meet with hitler

A

finding out what hitler wanted

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8
Q

what policy did chamberlain use towards hitler from 1937 - 1939

A

appeasement

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9
Q

what was the public opinion of the treaty of versailles in britain

A

that it was too harsh

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10
Q

what was the French opinion on hitler’s foreign policies

A

too busy with their own problems to focus on it

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11
Q

when was the treaty of mutual assistance signed between France and USSR

A

May 1935

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12
Q

when did hitler leave the League of Nations disarmament conference

A

1933

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13
Q

why did hitler storm out of the League of Nations disarmament conference

A

hitler said that he would disarm as long as other nations did as well, and if they refused then he wanted an army the size of France. France disagreed giving Hitler an excuse to storm out

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14
Q

when was the dollfuss affair

A

1934

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15
Q

what was the dollfuss affair

A

Austrian chancellor dollfuss banned the nazi party in Austria. hitler responded by telling Austrian nazis to make havoc in Austria, they murdered dollfuss. This was stopped by the Austrian army and Mussolini moving his troops onto the Austrian border to stop anschluss

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16
Q

when was hitler’s rearmament

A

march 1935

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17
Q

what was Hitler’s rearmament

A

showed off weapons and troops at a rally, announced he was reintroducing conscription, expanding his army to 1 million and building an Air Force, openly defying the treaty of versailles

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18
Q

when was the saar plebiscite

A

January 1935

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19
Q

what was the saar plebiscite

A

as the league of nations 15 year control over the saar expired in 1935 a plebiscite was held to decode what to do with the area. 90% of people voted to rejoin Germany. Hitler could use this as propaganda for volksdeutsche. He also gained rich coalfields

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20
Q

when was the anglo-german naval agreement

A

June 1935

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21
Q

what was the anglo-german naval agreement

A

britain signed an agreement with hitler to say Hitler could build his navy to 35% of the size of Britain’s. Hitler saw this as britain admitting the TofV was too harsh, therefore allowing them to ignore it. This deemed the military terms of the TofV useless, as britain did not consult France or Italy

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22
Q

when was the stresa front

A

April 1935

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23
Q

what was the stresa front

A

agreement between France Italy and britain stating that they would guarantee the terms of the Locarno treaty, protecting Austrian independence and working together to stop Hitler breaking the Treaty of Versailles

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24
Q

why did hitler want troops in the Rhineland

A

hitler had to start defending Germany’s borders in the west in order to invade other countries

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25
Q

when was the Franco-soviet pact signed

A

1935

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26
Q

what was the Franco-soviet pact

A

France and USSR agreed to support each other if attacked by Germany

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27
Q

how did hitler justify entering the Rhineland

A

claimed that the Franco-soviet pact put Germany under threat and that he now had enemies of western and eastern fronts

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28
Q

when did hitler invade the Rhineland

A

7 march 1936

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29
Q

what were troops greeted with in Rhineland

A

civilians gave them flowers, generals were instructed to retreat if met with any resistance

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30
Q

why did britain not react to the remilitarisation of the Rhineland

A
  • thought Germany had the right to defend borders
  • troops busy dealing with Abyssinian crisis
  • Great Depression
  • believe hitler was reclaiming what was his
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31
Q

why did France not react to the remilitarisation of the Rhineland

A
  • politicians were busy fighting a general election
  • much of French army was moved to Tunisia
  • weren’t prepared to risk troops as they thought the germans were more powerful
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32
Q

why did the league of nations not react to the remilitarisation of the Rhineland

A

concentrating on Abyssinia

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33
Q

why was hitler sending troops into the Rhineland a gamble

A
  • French army could have over powered
  • financially if failed, germany would be crippled by fines
34
Q

when did hitler become chancellor of Germany

A

1933

35
Q

when was anschluss

A

1938

36
Q

who was dollfuss replaced by in 1934

A

schuschnigg

37
Q

what deal did shuschnigg make with the Nazis

A

they would support him and in return he would give them key positions in the Austrian government

38
Q

when did police raid the headquarters of the Austrian Nazi party

A

January 1938

39
Q

what did the police find when they raided the headquarters of the Austrian Nazi party

A

plans to overthrow shuschnigg

40
Q

how did schuschnigg do in response to finding plans to overthrow him

A

met with hitler in his mountain retreat

41
Q

what were the terms of schushnigg and Hitler’s agreement

A
  • Seyss-Inquart appointed minister for the interior with full control over the Austrian police
  • lift any restrictions on the nazi party in Austria
  • release nazis from prison
42
Q

what did hitler threaten during his and schuschnigg’s agreement

A

make the changes within 3 days or he would invade

43
Q

what did schuschnigg hold a plebiscite on

A

allowing the Austrian people to vote for or against anschluss

44
Q

when did hitler demand the plebiscite be postponed

A

11 march 1938

45
Q

what did hitler do after schuschnigg announced the plebiscite

A

forced him to resign, made seyss-inquart take over as chancellor

46
Q

what did seyss-inquart immediately do after becoming chancellor of Austria

A

claimed Austria was in a state of Chaos and requested German help to restore the peace

47
Q

when did nazi troops invade Austria

A

12 march 1938

48
Q

why was the nazi invasion of Austria bad

A
  • tanks had to stop at petrol stations to fill up
  • commanders used tourist guides to find their way to the capital
49
Q

what was the Austrian’s reaction to the nazi invasion

A

cheered for the troops and gave soldiers gifts and flowers

50
Q

when did hitler hold a plebiscite about anschluss

A

10 April 1938

51
Q

why was the Austrian vote for anschluss so high

A

there was a heavy presence from nazi stormtroopers

52
Q

how many people voted for anschluss 10 April 1938

A

99%

53
Q

what was the British response to anschluss

A

most people felt that they were essentially the same country anyway, so there was n o need to be involved

54
Q

what was the Czechoslovakian response to Anschluss

A

brought lots of fear as Hitler’s lebensraum aims meant that they would be the next country to be invaded

55
Q

what did Czechoslovakia agree with britain and France

A

britain and France agreed to support Czechoslovakia if germany invaded

56
Q

how many German speaking people lived in the Sudetenland

A

3 million

57
Q

how did the germans in Sudetenland use their minority as an excuse

A

to start riots, hitler used it as an excuse to ‘save’ them

58
Q

why did hitler target the Sudetenland - military

A

good base to attack Czechoslovakia from, making his eventual invasion easier

59
Q

when did chamberlain meet with hitler at his holiday home

A

15 September 1938

60
Q

what was agreed in chamberlain and Hitler’s meeting

A

hitler said the only way the riots could be stopped would be by giving him the Sudetenland. Chamberlain then met the Czechs and forced them to agree

61
Q

when did chamberlain meet hitler at bad gosberg

A

22 September 1938

62
Q

what did hitler demand at his meeting with chamberlain in bad gosberg

A

wanted Sudetenland by 1 October and the Hungary and Poland should receive Czech land

63
Q

what did hitler demand at his meeting with chamberlain in bad gosberg

A

wanted Sudetenland by 1 October and the Hungary and Poland should receive Czech land

64
Q

when was the Munich conference

A

29 September 1938

65
Q

who attended the Munich conference

A

germany britain france italy

66
Q

what were hitler’s 3 demands at the Munich conference

A
  • Czech army must leave the Sudetenland and hand it over to hitler
  • Hungary and Poland wanted claim on their borders with Czech
  • hitler promised peace in Europe in return for the Sudetenland
67
Q

when did hitler march into Sudetenland

A

10 October 1938

68
Q

why was the Munich conference controversial

A

czech was not invited, meaning that britain france and Italy had given away land that was not theirs to give away

69
Q

why was the USSR unhappy with the Munich conference

A

USSR wasn’t invited, Hitler was gettig closer to USSR in Eastern Europe, manning that Stalin was questioning what to do to prevent invasion

70
Q

when was the anglo-german declaration

A

30 September 1938

71
Q

what was the anglo-german declaration

A

germany and britain agreed to never go to war against each other

72
Q

why was Hitler’s invasion of the rest of Czechoslovakia so significant

A
  • first time hitler invaded a country he had no claim on
  • with support the Czech’s could have stopped the invasion
  • broke Munich conference
  • chamberlain promises Poland that Britain would guarantee its independence
73
Q

why did Hitler want Poland

A
  • invading Poland would reunite German speaking people and overturn the treaty of versailles
  • Hitler grew in confidence and knew britain and france would make no effort to stop him
74
Q

why was the nazi-soviet pact made

A

after the First World War, Poland was made up of German and Russian territory, meaning they both wanted their land back. Hitler was concerned what Stalin would do if they invaded, so he couldn’t risk Stalin intervening

75
Q

what did the nazi-soviet pact say

A

if the USSR allowed Hitler to invade Poland, the USSR would be given polish territory

76
Q

when was the nazi-soviet pact signed

A

23 august 1939

77
Q

when did nazi troops enter Poland

A

1 September 1939

78
Q

when did the British send an ultimatum to Germany

A

3 September 1939

79
Q

what did the British ultimatum say

A

the germans were to send assurances to Britain that they would withdraw their troops from Poland by 11am or britain would be in a state of war with germany

80
Q

what happened after germany did not reply to the ultimatum by the deadline

A

britain declared war, with france following by declaring war

history conflict and tension (3 decks)

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