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MDT's > Part 3 of MDTs > Flashcards

Part 3 of MDTs Flashcards

1
Q

Hallmarks of TB?

A
  • Gen 7
  • Productive cough >2-3 wks
  • Lymphadenopathy
  • Crackles on inspiration or with cough
  • Dullness with decreased fremitus
  • Travel to endemic area
  • Clubbing
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2
Q

What is the primary bacterial cause of TB?

A

Mycobaterium

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3
Q

Other than recent travel to endemic area, what other risk factors could cause TB?

A

Household exposure
Drug use
Incarceration

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4
Q

What can TB lead to?

A

Hemoptysis
Pneumothorax
Extensive pulmonary destruction

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5
Q

What lobes and what percentage of patients does reactivation TB involve?

A

Apical Upper Posterior Lobes (Upper most portion of the lobe and posteriorly)

80-90% of all patients

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6
Q

How much sputum do you analyze and from where do you get that sputum regarding TB?

A

Lower respiratory tract and 5-10ml

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7
Q

Treatment for TB?

A
  • Isoniazid 5mg/kg/daily
  • Rifampin (causes red tears)
  • Corticosteroids for tb meningitis as well
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8
Q

How is TB transmitted mainly?

A

Air or sputum

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9
Q

What symptoms can rib fractures cause?

A

Pain with inspiration
Crepitus
Shallow fast breathing (hurts to get a full inhale)

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10
Q

Complications of rib fracture?

A

Hemo/Pneumothorax
Hypoventilation
Atelectasis
Pneumonia

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11
Q

Rads for rib fracture?

A

Xray will identify any complications

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12
Q

Treatment for young healthy patients that experience a rib fracture?

A
  • Pain meds
  • Deep breathing exercises
  • Incentive spirometry (reduce CO2 retention)
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13
Q

What can assist with possible respiratory failure due to rib fracture?

A

Mechanical ventilation

Incentive spirometry

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14
Q

What is a flail chest?

A

Segment of chest is basically just floating

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15
Q

What happens during inspiration with a flail chest?

A

It moves inward which reduces tidal volume

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16
Q

Hallmarks of Flail chest?

A

Trauma

Severe Chest pain and respiratory distress

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17
Q

Rads for flail chest?

A

No, dx based on physical exam and history

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18
Q

Treatment for flail chest?

A

O2
Pain control with IV morphine

Intubate if needed

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19
Q

Disposition for Flail chest?

A

MEDEVAC

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20
Q

How long do symptoms last for URI?

A

3 - 10 days

Possible 2 weeks for smokers

21
Q

Are URI’s bacterial or viral in nature?

A

Viral

22
Q

MOST common symptoms of URI?

A

Runny nose
Sinus Congestion
Scratchy throat
Cough

23
Q

What is the incubation period for URIs?

A

24 to 72 hours

24
Q

Treatment for URI?

A

Yup, all of the meds

25
Q

What is a pulmonary contusion?

A

Damage to lung tissue with hemorrhage and edema

NO LACERATIONS

26
Q

What is the most frequent intrathoracic injury in nonpenetrating chest trauma?

A

Pulmonary contusions

27
Q

What percentage of patients experience pulmonary contusions from significant blunt chest trauma?

A

30-75%

28
Q

Where do pulmonary contusions occur?

A

Impact site

29
Q

What is the most common complication of pulmonary contusions>

A

Pneumonia

30
Q

What can pulmonary contusions become a risk factor for

A

acute respiratory disorder

31
Q

What are the hallmarks for pulmonary contusions?

A

Hx of blunt chest trauma
HYPOXIA

Hemoptysis
Evidence of chest injury
Crackles
Decreased Breath sounds

32
Q

What will CXR show for pulmonary contusion?

A

Patchy or full lobar opacity

Present within 6 hours of injury

33
Q

What is the mainstay treament for pulmonary contusions?

A

Supportive Care

  • IV
  • O2
  • Mechanical ventilation
34
Q

Disposition for pulmonary contusion?

A

MEDEVAC

35
Q

It’s in the name but what is a tracheobronchial injury?

A

Injury to trachea or bronchus via blunt trauma

36
Q

How many patients die from TBronchial Injuries prior to reaching a hospital?

A

80%

37
Q

Which side of the bronchial are more common for TBIs?

A

right sided with 80% within 2 cm of carina

38
Q

Hallmarks of TBI?

A

3 H’s

  • Hoarseness
  • Hemoptysis
  • Hypoxia

Subq Emphysema

Persistent pneumo

39
Q

Treatment for TBI?

A

O2
ET tube

Bronchoscopy for stable patients

Cric as last resort

40
Q

Disposition for Pulmonary contusion?

A

MEDEVAC

41
Q

What is an acute respiratory disease?

A

Severe airway obstruction

42
Q

What are the most common causes of ARS for children?

A

Aspiration if foreign bodies

43
Q

What are the most common causes of ARS for us?

A

Allergic Response

Tissue swelling caused by infection or angioedema (swelling due to allergic reaction)

44
Q

Hallmarks of ARS?

A

Stridor
Retractions
Signs of Choking

45
Q

What will rads find for ARD?

A

Laryngoscopy

  • foreign body
  • tumor
  • obstruction in the larynx or trachea

CXR

46
Q

Treatment for ARD?

A

Suction with a blunt tip (yankauer)
Heimlich for foreign bodies

Treat the tissue swelling and angioedema
( Cooling or Epi)

Cric or trach if needed

47
Q

Disposition for ARS?

A

Examine in medical if needed

MEDEVAC if aspiration of toxic or harmful materials that will cause damage to the airways

48
Q

Rads for TBI?

A

CXR

  • subq
  • pneumo

MDT's (14 decks)

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