Part 3 : blood

Question 1

What are the 2 components of blood?

Answer 1

The fluid proportion
- Plasma

The solid proportion

• Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
• White blood cells (Leukocytes)
• Platelets

Question 2

Red blood cells is also called..

Answer 2

Erythrocytes

Question 3

White blood cells is also called..

Answer 3

Leukocytes

Question 4

Plasma consists of water, dissolved gases, protein, sugars vitamins, minerals, hormones and waste products. Plasma plays an important role in transporting..

Answer 4

Carbon Dioxide

Question 5

Red blood cells (Erythrocytes) are specialized for..

Answer 5

Oxygen transport. It also lacks a nucleus that allow cells to carry hemogoblin to molecules

Question 6

In red blood cells, sickle cell anemia is a genetic condition wherein red blood cells are not..

Answer 6

develop properly

Question 7

In red blood cells sickle cell anemia, the red blood cell is not formed properly. As a result, they can not bind hemogoblin and are unable to efficiently..

Answer 7

Carry oxygen

Question 8

Red blood cells lack a..

Answer 8

nucleus, which allow cells to carry hemp goblin to molecules

Question 9

White blood cells (Leukocytes) is part of the..

Answer 9

immune response

Question 10

What consists of white blood cells?

Answer 10

• White blood cells contain a nucleus
• Much larger than red blood cells
• Are white blood cells double when there is an infection of the body

Question 11

Leukemia can lead to..

• cancer of the bone marrow (Where WBC’s are produced) - abnormal increase of in production of immature WBC’s
• weakening of immune system
• prevention of blood from clotting normally, leading to..

Answer 11

frequent nosebleeds and bruising

Question 12

Platelets play an important role in..

Answer 12

blood clotting

Question 13

What consists of Platelets?

Answer 13

• Platelets has no nucleus

- they break down quickly in blood

Question 14

What is blood clotting?

Answer 14

Blood clotting is a process that prevents excessive blood bleeding from damaged blood vessels

Question 15

What is the stages of blood clotting?

Answer 15

1. Blood vessels get damaged which then releases a chemical that attracts the platelets
2. Platelets then arrive, rupturing and releasing a substance that combines with other blood components to produce an enzyme called Thromboplastin
3. With the help of calcium ions, the thromboplastin reacts with prothrombin (a protein that is created in the liver) to produce thrombin
4. The thrombin then reacts with the fibrinogen ( a protein found in the fluid plasma) to produce fibrin
5. The fibrin then acts as a mesh, covering the damaged area to prevent blood cells from escaping and form a clot

Question 16

Hemophilia is a disease that results from..

Answer 16

insufficient clotting of proteins in blood. It also increases the risk of bleeding to death upon injury

Question 17

What is the 3 different types of WHITE blood cells (leukocytes)?

Answer 17

Monocytes
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes

Question 18

What is the 2 functions of the blood?

Answer 18

1. Transport nutrients, waste and hormones

2. Homeostatic Regulation (temperature) regulate temperature throughout our body

Question 19

In Homeostatic Regulation, Vasodilation is blood vessels..

Answer 19

expand and move towards the skin to release heat

Question 20

In Homeostatic Regulation, Vasoconstriction is blood vessels..

Answer 20

contract and move away from the skin to conserve heat

Question 21

When our body temperature falls, it is due to Vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction is the..

Answer 21

contraction of blood vessels near our skin closing it to preserve heat. This causes us to shiver (several blood vessels contracting). Shivering also produces heat to warm the body

Question 22

When our body temperature increases, it is due to Vasodilation. Vasodilation is the

Answer 22

expansion of the opening of blood vessels which moves blood in to the blood vessels near our skin to release heat. When we sweat and our sweat evaporates, heat is lost

Question 23

Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation are also associated with…

Answer 23

Blood pressure
Exercise
Alcohol and nicotine

Question 24

How is exercise associated with Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation?

Answer 24

When exercising, it promotes vasodilation to increase blood flow to tissues

Question 25

How is alcohol and nicotine associated with Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation?

Answer 25

Alcohol promotes vasodilation (which is the cause of ur red skin at the party)

Nicotine is vasoconstriction