Part 3: Airway, Pharmacology, And Patient Assessment

Question 1

ventilation

Answer 1

the moving of air in and out of lungs

Question 2

when pressure inside thoracic cavity is greater than pressure outside, what is going on?

Answer 2

exhaling

Question 3

hypoxia

Answer 3

inadequate delivery of oxygen to cells

Question 4

early indications of hypoxia

Answer 4

restlessness
anxiety
irritability
dyspnea
tachycardia

Question 5

carbon dioxide drive

Answer 5

the body’s primary system for monitoring breathing status

monitors CO2 level

Question 6

hypoxic drive

Answer 6

backup system to CO2 drive that monitors oxygen level

used for COPD patients

Question 7

why is a lot of O2 to COPD patients bad

Answer 7

their body uses hypoxic drive; this excess oxygen may depress spontaneous ventilations

Question 8

oxygenation

Answer 8

delivery of oxygen to the blood

Question 9

respiration

Answer 9

the exchange of O2 and CO2

Question 10

brain damage begins within __ minutes of lack of oxygen

Answer 10

4

Question 11

permanent brain damage begins within __ minutes of lack of oxygen

Answer 11

6

Question 12

irrecoverable damage begins within __ minutes of lack of oxygen

Answer 12

10

Question 13

assessment of breathing

Answer 13

look for chest rise and fall
listen for breathing, ability to speak, lung sounds
feel for air movement and chest rise/fall

Question 14

normal respiratory rate and rhythm adults

Answer 14

12 to 20 breaths per minute

Question 15

normal respiratory rate and rhythm children

Answer 15

15 to 30 breaths per min

Question 16

normal respiratory rate and rhythm infants

Answer 16

25 to 50 breaths per min

Question 17

paradoxical motion

Answer 17

flail chest segment moving in opposite direction of thorax

Question 18

are lung sounds compared side-to-side or top-to-bottom?

Answer 18

side to sied

Question 19

anterior auscultation

Answer 19

place stethoscope at midclavicular line about the second intercostal space; auscultate bilaterally
place stethoscope at 4th intercostal space at midaxillary line

Question 20

abnormal lung sounds

Answer 20

absent or diminished
wheezing
rales
stridor

Question 21

absent or diminished lung sounds indicates:

Answer 21

little or no air exchange

Question 22

wheezing

Answer 22

high pitched sounds usually heard during exhalation

Question 23

rales

Answer 23

wet or crackling soudns

Question 24

stridor

Answer 24

high pitched sound indicating partial upper airway obstruction

Question 25

oxygen saturation

Answer 25

percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen; an indication of respiratory efficiency

Question 26

normal oxygen saturation

Answer 26

98% or above

Question 27

O2 sat below ___% indicates need for supplemental oxygen

Answer 27

94

Question 28

T/F pulse oximetry cannot tell the difference between oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide saturation

Answer 28

true

Question 29

indications for head tilt chin lift maneuver

Answer 29

patient with altered or decreased LOC
patient with suspected airway obstruction
patient requires suctioning

Question 30

contraindication for head tilt chin lift maneuver

Answer 30

suspected cervical spine injury

Question 31

indication for jaw thrust maneuver

Answer 31

patient with altered or decreased LOC and suspected c spine injury

Question 32

contraindication for jaw thrust maneuver

Answer 32

conscious patients

Question 33

mechanical airway adjuncts

Answer 33

OPA, NPA