Part 3 Flashcards
identify the 5 body cavities
cranial spinal throacic abdominal pelvic
cranial cavity contents
brain, protected by skull
spinal cavity contents
extends from bottom of skull to lower back
contains spinal cord and is protected by the vertebrae
thoracic cavity contents
heart, lungs
protected by rib cage and upper spine
abdominal cavity contents
contains liver, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines, stomach, kidneys, spleen
pelvic cavity contents
bladder, rectum, reproductive organs
protected by pelvic bones and lumbar bone
respiratory
mouth/nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
circulatory
heart, arteries, veins
o Musculoskeletal
bones, ligaments, muscles, tendons
o Nervous
brain, nerves, spinal cord
o Endocrine
glands
o Digestive
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, gallbladder, liver
o Genitourinary
kidney, ureter, bladder, uterus, ovaries, vagina, ductus deferens, prostate gland, epididymis, seminal vesicle, testes, penis
o Respiration emergency situations
asthma, airway obstruction, allergies, injuries to the chest (respiratory distress). Respiratory arrest- life threatening emergency
o Circulation emergency situations
blood loss caused by severe bleeding (severed artery), impaired circulation (blood clot), failure of the heart to pump adequately (MI)
o Nervous emergency situations
illness/injury (memory loss), head injury, spinal cord injury
o Musculoskeletal emergency situation
fracture, strain (muscle/tendon injury), sprain (ligament injury)
o Integumentary emergency situations
burns, cuts, punctures
o Endocrine emergency situations
much/too little insulin, especially in diabetics
o Digestive emergency situations
stab, gunshot wound, internal bleeding, infection
o Genitourinary
kidneys (penetrating blow, gunshot, stab), bladder rupture
o If unconscious
call 911 if the victim is 12 or older, infant or child at high risk for heart problems, witnessed sudden collapse of a child or infant
when do you care for a victim first?
if you didn’t see the collapse of a child or if they are drowning
when do you move a victim
if they can’t breathe
place them in a modified high arm in endangered spine recovery position
what do you need to make sure of when you are checking an unconscious victim?
- open airway- if tongue is falling into throat, push down on forehead and jut chin to keep airway open
- show signs of life (breathing)- position so you can hear and feel air as it escapes from the nose or mouth. Look, listen and feel for the chest to move for no more than 10 seconds. If there is agonal breathing or no breathing, begin CPR immediately
- check if victim is bleeding severely
when do you check the pulse of an unconscious person and for how long?
no more than 10 seconds look for normal breathing
describ what you ask a conscious person
introduce yourself, get victim’s consent to give care, attempt to find out what happened
o What happened?
o Do you feel any pain or discomfort anywhere?
Have them point and describe it
o Do you have any allergies?
o Do you have any medical conditions, or are you taking any medication?
o Make sure to write down anything you find out
describe how to check for nonlife threatening conditions for an adult, child or ifnant?
o Check over the whole body for any cuts, bruises, depressions etc
o Have them breathe in and our slowly, bend arms, legs to see if they can
o Bring them up if there doesn’t seem to be anything immediately life-threatening
o Do no further harm, monitor breathing and consciousness, help victim rest in most comfortable position, keep victim from getting chilled or over heated, reassure victim, give any specific care needed
o Follow same as adult for children with a few exceptions: give 2 minutes of rescue breathing if they aren’t responsive before calling 911, then check them over. Have parents comfort child
demonstrate how to check an unconscious adult
- Tap shoulder and shout “are you okay?”
- No response: call 911, if patient is face down, roll face up supporting head, neck and back
- Open airway
- Check for signs of life for no more than 10 seconds. If nothing, give 2 rescue breaths
- If there is normal breathing, place person in recovery position and monitor airway, breathing and circulation (ABCs)
- If breaths go in- quickly scan body for severe bleeding and get into position to perform CPR or use an AED
demonstrate how to check an unconscious child
- Check scene, check child
- Obtain consent from parent or guardian, if present
- Tap shoulder and ask “are you okay?”
- No response, call 911 (if alone, give 2 minutes of care, then call 911)
- Open airway, check for signs of life for no more than 10 seconds
- If no response, give 2 rescue breaths
- If breaths go in, check for pulse and severe breathing
- If breathing normally, place in recovery position and monitor airway, breathing and circulation
demonstrate how to check an unconscious infant
- Check scene, check infant
- Obtain consent from parent or guardian if present
- Flick food ro tap shoulder and shout “are you okay?”
- No response, call 911. If alone, give 2 minutes of care, then call 911
- If face down, face up
- Open airway, check for signs of life for no more than 10 seconds
- If no breathing, give 2 rescue breaths
- If breaths go in, check for pulse and severe breathing
- If breathing normally, place in recovery position and monitor airway, breathing and circulation
demonstrate how to check a conscious adult, infant or child
- Introduce yourself, tell them your level of training, get permission to give care
- Ask, what is your name? What happened? Do you feel pain or discomfort anywhere? Do you have any allergies? Do you have any medical conditions or are you taking any medication?
- Check head to toe. Viscually inspect the body. Before you begin, tell person what you are going to do. Look carefully for bleeding, cuts, bruises and obvious deformities. Look for medical ID bracelet or necklace.
- Check head for bumps, bruises and depressions. Notice if victim is drowsy, not alert or confused
- Check skin appearance and temp. feel person’s forehead with back of hand. Look at person’s face and lips. Does the skin feel cold or hot? Unusually wet or dry? Pale, bluish or flushed?
- Check neck. If no discomfort and no suspected injury to the neck, ask the person to move head slowly from side to side, note pain, discomfort, inability to move
- Sheck shoulders (shrug)
- Check chest and abdomen (deep breath, ask for pain)
- Check arms one at a time. Move hands and fingers, bend arm
- Check hips and legs
- Care for conditions you find. Have them sit up or get into comfortable position. Determine whether or not to call 911
