part 2 - preventive dentistry and nutrition

Question 1

what are sealants

Answer 1

thin coating of dental material that is applied to pits and fissures

Question 2

advantages and disadvantages of sealants

Answer 2

advantages
- release fluoride, prevents decay

disadvantages
- can come off, decay can build up under if not completely removed

Question 3

sealant procedure

Answer 3

1. surface is cleaned
2. surface is etched
3. tooth is islotade
4. sealant is placed and auto cured or light cured

Question 4

what are disclosing agents and their purpose

Answer 4

tablet or liquid form
- colouring agent used to make plaque visible

Question 5

what are cariogenic foods

Answer 5

• fermentable carbs
• sticky food
• sugary food

Question 6

foods that are friendly to the oral caviyy

Answer 6

fruits, veggies, water, vitamins

Question 7

what is the purpose of dietary analysis and what it involves

Answer 7

used to help patients understand the role of nutrition in their dental and general health
- food diary

Question 8

bacterial plaque

Answer 8

a colourless sticky coating made of communities of microorganisms that adhere to tooth surface

Question 9

what are microorganisms that adhere to tooth surfaces

Answer 9

acquire pellicle
- thin film of protein that forms quickly
- removed from polishing

materia alba
- soft mixture of bacteria and salivary proteins

food debris
- particles of food
- can be removed form scaling

Question 10

what is calculus

Answer 10

made of calcium and phosphate salts
- supragingival and subgingival
- must be removed from scaling

Question 11

what are types of fluoride

Answer 11

systemic fluoride - ingested
topical fluoride - applied directly to tooth

Question 12

sources of fluoride

Answer 12

systemic - water, drinks, food, supplements

topical - toothpaste, mouth rinses, gels, foams, varnishes

Question 13

benefits of fluoride

Answer 13

slows demineralization and enhances remineralization of tooth

Question 14

problems that could occur with fluoride

Answer 14

over consumption can result in dental fluorosis in children younfer than 6

and toxic reactions

Question 15

process of demineralization and remineralization

Answer 15

demineralization
- loss of minerals from tootj

remineralization - replacement of minerals in tooth

Question 16

important minerals needed for remineralization

Answer 16

calcium, phosphate, fluoride

Question 17

importance of sakiva for remineralization

Answer 17

prevents tooth decay by remineralizing the teeth

Question 18

what is required in a good manual toothbrush

Answer 18

soft bristles made of nylon

Question 19

toothbrushing methods

Answer 19

bass
stillman
charter

Question 20

purpose of flossing

Answer 20

removes interproximal plaque, food debris etc

Question 21

types of floss

Answer 21

dental floss - circular
dental tape - flat

Question 22

interdental aids and their used

Answer 22

end tuft brushes
- cleans areas that are too difficult to reach with regular toothbrush

bridge threaders
- used to pass dental floss under pontic of a bridge

automatic flossers
- designed for patients who have difficulty manipulating floss

perio - aod
- handle with holes in end to hold toothpicks

prosthetic brush
- helps clean prosthetics

Question 23

all methods of plaque control

Answer 23

scaling, brushing, flossing

Question 24

different types of stains and their causes

Answer 24

endogenous
tetracycline
enamel hypoplasia

Question 25

causes of fluorosis

Answer 25

fluoride intake during formation of teeth

Question 26

causes of tetrscycline stain

Answer 26

from medicatons taken by mother or child during tooth developmetn

Question 27

causes of enamel hypoplasia

Answer 27

bacterial and viral infection or trauma to developing teeth

Question 28

exogenous stains

Answer 28

extrinsic
- black stain
- tobacco
- brown or yellow
- dental plaque agents

intrinsic
- pulpless
- tetracycline
- fluorosis
- silver amalgam
- aging

Question 29

methods of removal of stain

Answer 29

whitening, polishing, prophylaxis, air-poweder

Question 30

benefits of vitamins

Answer 30

1. boosts immune system
2. strengthens teeth and bone
3. aids in calcium absorption
4. maintains healthy skin
5. helps body metabolize proteins and carbs
6. supports healthy blood
7. aids brain and nervous system functions

Question 31

issues if the patient is deficient in certain vitamins

Answer 31

vitamin A - night blindness, dry skin, fatigue

vitamin B - heart problems, fatigue, nerve disorders, mental confusion

vitamin B2 - cracks in corners of mouth, rash, anemia

vitamin B6 - seizures, dermatitis, muscle weakness, skin cracks, anemia

vitamin B12 - anemia, nervousness, fatigue

biotin- nausea, depression, hair loss, dry skin

niacin - skin disorders, diarrhea, indegestion

vitamin C - swollen or bleeding gums, slow wound healing, fatigue, depression

vitamin D - calicum loss from bone, rickets in children

vitamn E - muscle waste, nerve damage, anemia, reproductive failure

vitamin K - bleeding disorders