Part 2 One Health: Animal Health and Welfare Flashcards
Important aspect of animal health and welfare; Variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or entire Earth; Used as a measure of the health of biological systems
Protection of Biodiversity
Current biodiversity is the product of _____ years of evolution
3.5 billion
Three (3) Levels of Biodiversity
- Ecosystem Diversity
- Species Diversity
- Genetic Diversity
Level of Biodiversity:
Different kinds of organisms, relationships among species
Species Diversity
Level of Biodiversity:
Different habitats, niches, species interactions
Ecosystem Diversity
Current Knowledge of World’s Biodiversity
-Approximately 1.7-2 million species are named and discovered
-Estimated total of 100 million species
-Majority are yet to be discovered
Level of Biodiversity:
Different genes and combination of genes in species
Genetic Diversity
Different physiochemical and climatic conditions brought about unique and diverse habitats; Diverse habitats drive evolution and contribute to species endemicity
Emergence of biodiversity
A biodiversity hotspot and hosts one of the greatest concentrations of wildlife species in the world at least 20,000 cannot be found anywhere else
Philippine Biodiversity
Percentage (%) of Philippine Biodiversity in Earth’s
70%
Provides necessary ecosystem services to sustain human life and ecosystem balance
Importance of sustaining biodiversity
Four (4) Ecosystem Services
- Supporting
- Provisioning
- Cultural and Aesthetics
- Regulating
Anthropogenic impacts bring about population size reductions and species extinctions
Threats to Biodiversity
Reasons Why Wild Native Plants are Popular and Saleable
-Cheap price
-Easy to access through online shopping
-Short delivery duration
-Sometimes available on roadsides and garden centers
-Practical alternative to popular exotic species
Illegal collection, gathering, trading and selling of wildlife severely impacts population in the wild and habitats where they are found
Illegal WIldlife Trade
Examples of Anthropogenic impacts
-Hunting and overharvesting
-Habitat loss
-Pollution
-Invasive species
-Climate change
Effects of Current Boom in Native Plants Gathering
-May cause localized extinction of native species
-Disruption of food chains and food webs
-Habitat destruction
-May damage our natural heritage
-Ethical and moral standards downgrade
-Tarsiers are nocturnal animals and should not be disturbed in their habitat
-Stress given to these animals affect rate of survival
-Maltreatment or inflicting injuries on wild animals are considered illegal acts
Improper Treatment of Tarsiers
Philippines accounts for about 90% of giant clams confiscated in trafficking incidents linked to Southeast Asia in the last 20 years
Illegal Giant Clam Trade
Meat taken from an animal that died from disease; Usually pale in color and foul-smelling; Could lead to serious health issues when eaten
Double Dead Meat (Botcha)
Biodiversity Loss Consequences
-Nutrition and food production
-Health research and traditional medicine
-Emergence of infectious diseases
-Climate change
Formerly the Office International des Epizooties. Ensures transparency in the global animal disease situations
World Organisation for Animal Health