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Music listening > part 2 middle ages > Flashcards

part 2 middle ages Flashcards

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1
Q

Origins of western music

  • greece
  • rome
A
  • music in plays and doctrine of ethos

- military ceremonial music

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2
Q

The middle/dark ages

  • dates
  • early middle ages
  • europe
A
  • 450-1450
  • fall of rome 476 AD - 1000 AD
  • no strong central authority
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3
Q

Late middle ages

  • date
  • 7 things emerged
A
  • 1000-1450
    1. cathedrals
      1. chivalry
      2. universities
      3. music notation
      4. polyphony
      5. black death
      6. crusades
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4
Q

2 types of music that emerged in the middle ages

A
  1. sacred music

2. secular music

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5
Q

gregorian chant

  • official music of
  • used in 2 services
  • texture
  • language
  • used
A
  • the church
  • mass and office
  • monophonic
  • latin
  • church modes
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6
Q

church modes are different from

A

major and minor scales

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7
Q

Pope Gregory the Great

  • what did he do
  • when were the chants composed
A

reorganized the liturgy during his reign (590-604)

-after he died (600-1300)

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8
Q

5 parts of the mass

A
  1. Kyrie (lord have mercy)
  2. Gloria (glory to god)
  3. Credo (creed)
  4. Sanctus (holy, holy)
  5. agnus dei (lamb of god)
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9
Q

when was sung Alleluia

A

during special feast days

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10
Q

Hildegard of Bingens’s

  • who was Hildegard
  • women were not allowed to
A
  • german nun (1098 - 1179) who wrote many monophonic songs and morality plays
  • sing in church but nuns allowed in convents
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11
Q

Sacred music

-3 examples

A
  1. Gregorian chant (monophony)
  2. Organum (simple polyphony)
  3. school of notre dame (measured rhythm)
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12
Q

Organum and birth of the polyphony

A

gregorian chant + 1, 2, or 3 melodies

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13
Q

The school of notre dame

  • type of architecture
  • texture
  • type of rhythm
A
  • gothic (pointed arch)
  • polyphony
  • measured
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14
Q

secular music

  • 2 things
  • century
  • what happened in that century
  • what did it result in
A
  • crusades and chivalry
  • 14th
  • Hundred years’ war and black death
  • weakened church and feudal system
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15
Q

secular music

  • poet musicians S. and N. France
  • Jongleurs
  • estampie
A
  • Troubadours (S France)
  • Trouveres (N France)
  • Minstrels
  • dance in triple meter
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16
Q

Music in the middle ages

  • texture
  • harmony
  • notation
  • rhythm
  • later: rise of
A
  • Monophony (chant) to polyphony (organum, school of notre dame, poly phonic mass)
  • church modes/scales
  • pitch, later emerged with rhythm
  • from free to measured rhythm
  • secular music
17
Q

the renaissance

-focuses on 6 things

A
  1. Humanism
  2. Classical (greek/rome) art and mythology - the body
  3. florence, the medicis, the arts
  4. Exploring the world
  5. Protestant reformation
  6. printing
18
Q

Sacred music: Mass

  • music director at St. Peter’s
  • Counter reformation
  • Council of trent
A
  • Palestrina
  • composed 104 masses and 450 other sacred works
  • music lost its purity so Palestrina to the rescue
19
Q

council of trent

-example

A

Kyrie, from Pope Marcellus Mass

20
Q

Kyrie

  • how many voices
  • texture
  • type of rhythm
A
  • 6 - fuller sound
  • polyphonic
  • measured rhythm
21
Q

Musical life

  • from church to
  • what could the rich afford
  • centers
A
  • courts; music director: court and entertainment chapel, female virtuoso court singers
  • music education
  • flanders and italy
22
Q

Secular music

-example

A

Madrigal

23
Q

Madrigal

  • definition
  • word painting
  • textures
  • began in
  • how many voices
  • to honor who
A
  • for several solo voices set to a short poem
  • musical illustration of a text
  • homophonic and polyphonic textures
  • italy
  • 6 voices
  • queen elizabeth
24
Q

Secular music: lute songs

  • example
  • texture
A
  • flow my tears

- homophonic

25
Q

Musical features: genres

-3

A
  1. Mass
  2. Madrigal
  3. Lute song
26
Q

Mass example

A

Palestrina’s Pope Marcellus Mass

27
Q

Madrigal example

A

Weelkes’ As Vesta Was Descending

28
Q

Lute song example

A

Flow My Tears

29
Q

Muscial features: texture

-2 types

A
  1. Mainly polyphonic (especially imitation) with 4-6 voices

2. Homophonic in dances, lute songs

30
Q

Musical features: rhythm

A

gentle flow, more measured

Music listening (18 decks)

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