part 2: escalation of conflict in vietnam Flashcards
where did HCM study communism and guerilla tactics in the 1920s and why
USSR, intention to fight france to liberate vietnam
in 1930 HCM formed the …. to fight the french
indochinese communist party
1940 japanese invaded indochina which caused… (2)
french to loose and flee, HCM to form the viet minh to fight the japanese
what happened in 1945 and what was created
japanese defeat, viet minh took control of north vietnam and declared vietnam independent under the democratic republic of vietnam.
what happened in 1946?
war between the french and the viet minh began
how did the USA first become involved in vietnam?
they supplied the viet minh with resources to fight the french as they didnt like colonisation
why did the french want to fight the viet minh?
as they thought the land was rightfully theirs and they wanted to colonise it
in …… the chinese become communist and
1949, support the viet minh, the usa realise that the viet minh is communist and support the french
what did the USA support the french with?
$500 million a year and 10,000 tons of equipment per month
in 1949 what can we tell about the usa?
they were driven by the policy of containment but were mistaken about HCM
reasons for french loss (4/5)
french arrogance and underestimating the viet minh, position in the jungle/bad strategies, communist aid, viet minh people power, french retaliation was unpopular aainst the Vietnamese
how many french were stuck/ tied up by the viet minhs hit and run tactics?
190,000
how many french casualties and how many deaths?
c= 90,000 d= 73,000
what was an example of the usa’s military support towards the french?
june 1950 eight transport planes, and later that year a ship crammed with military good arrived in saigon.
the usa covered % of the cost of the french war with the viet minh
75-80%
what happended at the battle of dien bien phu in 1954
french were attacked by the viet minh at their base, 3000 died, 8000 died later in captivity, first 3 days, 3 french posts weere taken
why didnt the usa send troops to support the french
didnt want to provoke the ussr, american people didnt want another war/economic recovery, they didnt want to outwardly fight for an empire
what did the usa learn from the french defeat
tech wont win the war, have more respect for the vietnamese people, better strategies, dont underestimate
when was the geneva agreement
may-july 1954
what was agreed at the geneva agreement? (4)
withdrawal of french troops, ceasefire, laos and cambodia formed, nv (com) and sv (ncom) CREATED ON A TEMPORARY BASIS along the 17th parallel, in 1956 free elections to determine gov for the whole of vietnam
how did the usa feel about the geneva agreement
truman doctrine means that vietnam couldnt become communist so needed to fufill policy of containment,
who did the usa put in charge of the south to stop communism
ngo dinh diem
