Part 2: EBP in treatment, harm, and prevention

Question 1

Confidence Interval

Answer 1

• Range of values used to estimate the true value of the population parameter
• used to express the uncertainty associated with a population parameter (population mean)

Question 2

When P < 0.05

Answer 2

A statistically significant difference between groups

Question 3

When P>0.05

Answer 3

Not a statistically significant difference between groups

Question 4

Relative Risk

Answer 4

The ratio of the risk of an event among the the exposed to the risk among the unexposed

Question 5

RR> 1.0

Answer 5

The risk of the outcome of interest is increased for one group

Question 6

RR< 1.0

Answer 6

The risk of the outcome of interest is decreased for one group

Question 7

RR = 1.0

Answer 7

The risk of the outcome of interest is equal between groups

Question 8

Odds Ratio

Answer 8

the ratio of the odds of an event occurring in one group to the odds of an event occurring in another group

Question 9

OR = 1

Answer 9

Exposure does not affect odds of outcome

Question 10

OR > 1

Answer 10

Exposure associated with higher odds of outcome

Question 11

OR < 1

Answer 11

Exposure associated with lower odds of outcome

Question 12

Hazard Ratio

Answer 12

A measure of how often a particular adverse event occurs in one group compared to another group over time

Question 13

Absolute Risk

Answer 13

Your risk of developing a disease over a period of time

Question 14

Absolute Risk of Reduction

Answer 14

Control Event Rate (minus) Experimental Event Rate

Question 15

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

Answer 15

The number of persons needed to be treated, on average, to have an impact on one person

Question 16

Number needed to Harm (NNH)

Answer 16

The number of persons needed to be treated, on average, to produce one more adverse effect

Question 17

Number needed to Screen (NNS)

Answer 17

The average number of persons who must undergo a screening test and the ensuring diagnosis and therapeutic procedures in order to prevent one case of the disease of interest