part 2 dp 4

Question 1

Use of water

Answer 1

Crops + stock cannot be produced without water

Question 2

Irrigation

Answer 2

System used to water crops to supplement low rainfall or water from other areas (ensures crops receive regular + needed water for food production).

Question 3

Issues of irrigation

Answer 3

Poor management = rising of water table (increasing salinity + decreased productivity of land).

Question 4

Strategies for effective water use

Answer 4

• Drip irrigation
• Monitoring water use + quality
• Maintaining damns
• Advancements in tech

Question 5

Salinity

Answer 5

The presence of excess salt in soil due to rising of water table bringing natural salts to the surface of the land.
- Salt in soil = unproductive for farming.

Question 6

Strategies for effective reduction in issues of salinity

Answer 6

• Retaining + maintaining natural vegetation
• Increase tree planting
• Green farming
• Monitor ground water levels
• Effective use + management of irrigation systems.

Question 7

Erosion

Answer 7

The wearing away of land by weather conditions.
- Due to deforestation + land clearing = leaves topsoil exposed and to be carried away (it holds nutrients required by plants for growth).

Question 8

Strategies for reduction of erosion issues

Answer 8

• Not overstocking animals
• Planting trees + vegetation

Question 9

Choice of crops + animals for farming

Answer 9

For ES, to feed a growing population we need to produce more food with fewer resources.

Question 10

Choice of crops + animals - pathway: kangaroo

Answer 10

• Less physical impact on soil
• Population numbers are large = no reason to be farmed.
• Don’t expel methane

Question 11

Choice of crops + animals - pathway: smaller animals

Answer 11

• Smaller pasture requirements
• Requires less water + feed
• Less feed decreases need for fertilisers to grow crops
• Reduce impact on soil
• Produce less methane

Question 12

Loss of biodiversity

Answer 12

Variety of plant + animal life in a particular habitat.
- Primary production relies on variety

Question 13

Threats to biodiversity

Answer 13

Population growth, misuse of chemicals, habitat loss + land-clearing, introduction of non-native species.

Question 14

Risks to Australia’s biosecurity

Answer 14

Measures designed to protect populations against harmful biological or biochemical substances, diseases, + pests.
- Threats - pop growth, food importation, globalisation.