Part 2 Anatomy Test 1 Flashcards
Monomers
basic molecular units
Dimers
combination of 2 monomers
Polymers
combination of more than 2 monomers
What is carbohydrates primary use?
- fuel storage (energy)
- short-term fuel storage
What is carbohydrates secondary use?
- structure
Glucose
C6H12O6
Plant storage
starch
Animal storage
glycogen
plant structure
cellulose
fungus and animal structure
chitin
What is proteins primary use?
- functional assistance
- ENZYMES
- cell membrane proteins
- blood protiens
What is protein secondary use?
- structure
- muscles
- fiber
What is made with a peptide bond?
polymers
Polypeptide
short chains of amino acid
What is a Lipids primary use?
- structure
- cell membrane
- protection/insulation
What is a Lipids secondary use?
- function
- long term fuel (energy) storage
phospholipid
a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule
Fats/oils
- double and triple bonds
- easier to break down oil (double/triple bonds)
hormones
- testosterone
- estrogen, progesterone
- cortisol
What does cholesterol do?
closes cell door
What is nucleic acids primary use?
- genetic storage
- genetic transfer
- control of body activities
- protien synthesis
DNA
molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
- viruses= DNA
RNA
messeneger RNA (mRNA)
- transfer RNA (tRNA)
- ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
What is adenosine triphosphate?
ATP
- cell energy
- only outermost bond may be broken
cell
basic building block of all living organisms
cytoplasm
- fluid within the cell
- chemical reactions
- chemical storage
- osmotic regulation
- homeostasis
plasma membrane
- phospholipid bilayer
- cholestrol
- membrane proteins
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
- extra-cellular transport
- chemical reactions
- cell maintenance
Channel proteins
Tertiary, tubular
- chemical transport
- limitation-size
carrier proteins
tertiary, tubular
- transport through cell
- limitation - shape
